Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5086 CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, 69367, France.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011 Jan 1;3(1):a004978. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a004978.
Collagens are the most abundant proteins in mammals. The collagen family comprises 28 members that contain at least one triple-helical domain. Collagens are deposited in the extracellular matrix where most of them form supramolecular assemblies. Four collagens are type II membrane proteins that also exist in a soluble form released from the cell surface by shedding. Collagens play structural roles and contribute to mechanical properties, organization, and shape of tissues. They interact with cells via several receptor families and regulate their proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Some collagens have a restricted tissue distribution and hence specific biological functions.
胶原蛋白是哺乳动物中最丰富的蛋白质。胶原蛋白家族由至少含有一个三螺旋结构域的 28 个成员组成。胶原蛋白沉积在细胞外基质中,其中大多数胶原蛋白形成超分子组装体。有四种胶原蛋白是 II 型膜蛋白,它们也以可溶性形式存在,通过脱落从细胞表面释放出来。胶原蛋白发挥结构作用,有助于组织的机械性能、组织和形状。它们通过几种受体家族与细胞相互作用,并调节细胞的增殖、迁移和分化。一些胶原蛋白在组织中分布有限,因此具有特定的生物学功能。