Faculty of Management, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2011 Oct;24(5):561-77. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2011.558191. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
This study investigated the crossover of job demands and emotional exhaustion among team members and the moderating effect of cohesiveness and social support on this process. Participants were 310 employees of an employment agency in the Netherlands, working in one of 100 teams. Multilevel analysis using a longitudinal design did not reveal a main effect of crossover. However, consistent with the study's hypotheses, the results showed a moderating effect of team cohesiveness and social support. We detected crossover of job demands and emotional exhaustion across time from the group to individual team members only in teams characterized by high levels of cohesiveness and social support. Teams characterized by low levels of cohesiveness and social support showed no crossover of job demands and exhaustion. The findings demonstrate that team-level moderators play an important role in crossover processes. Moreover, social support and cohesiveness may not always be positive.
本研究调查了团队成员之间工作要求和情绪耗竭的交叉情况，以及凝聚力和社会支持对此过程的调节作用。参与者是荷兰一家就业机构的 310 名员工，在 100 个团队中的一个团队中工作。使用纵向设计的多层次分析没有显示出交叉的主要影响。然而，与研究假设一致的是，结果显示团队凝聚力和社会支持具有调节作用。我们仅在凝聚力和社会支持水平较高的团队中，从群体到个体团队成员，检测到了工作要求和情绪疲惫的时间交叉。凝聚力和社会支持水平较低的团队则没有工作要求和疲惫的交叉。研究结果表明，团队层面的调节因素在交叉过程中起着重要作用。此外，社会支持和凝聚力并不总是积极的。
