日本非污染地区环境镉暴露与骨代谢的关系。
Relationship between environmental exposure to cadmium and bone metabolism in a non-polluted area of Japan.
机构信息
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2011 Nov;16(6):341-9. doi: 10.1007/s12199-010-0204-8. Epub 2011 Jan 21.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of environmental low-grade cadmium exposure on bone in the population of a non-polluted area. We investigated the relationship between environmental cadmium exposure (via rice intake) and bone metabolism in middle-aged and elderly women living in a non-polluted area in Japan.
METHODS
Four hundred and twenty-nine women over the age of 39 years (54.6 ± 9.1 years; arithmetic mean ± SD) participated in this study in 2003. We investigated blood and urine, and rice intake, and performed ultrasonic bone evaluation, and obtained individual information about the subjects' health. Multiple regression analysis was performed in the statistical analysis.
RESULTS
The arithmetic mean of cadmium content in rice was 70.8 ± 44.7 μg/kg (AM ± SD). The geometric mean of daily cadmium intake (Cd intake) from rice calculated based on food consumption data was 9.12 μg/day (GSD 2.33). The geometric means of serum and urine cadmium concentrations were 1.57 μg/l (GSD 2.11) and 1.93 μg/g creatinine (cr.) (GSD 2.05), respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed positive correlations between (1) urinary free deoxypyridinoline (FDPD-U) and Cd intake (p < 0.05), (2) urinary cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx-U) and Cd intake (p < 0.05), and (3) FDPD-U or NTx-U and cadmium concentration in urine (p < 0.01). No significant correlation between the parameters of ultrasonic bone evaluation and cadmium associated biomarkers was observed.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the present study suggest the possibility of bone metabolic disorder induced by environmental low-grade cadmium exposure. With respect to osteoporosis, a long-term follow-up survey is required to assess the tolerable intake of cadmium in environmental exposure.
目的
本研究旨在探讨环境低水平镉暴露对非污染地区人群骨骼的影响。我们研究了生活在日本非污染地区的中年和老年女性的环境镉暴露（通过摄入大米）与骨代谢之间的关系。
方法
本研究共纳入 429 名年龄在 39 岁以上的女性（54.6±9.1 岁；算术均数±标准差），于 2003 年参加了此项研究。我们调查了血液和尿液、大米摄入量，并进行了超声骨评估，并获得了受试者健康的个体信息。在统计分析中进行了多元回归分析。
结果
大米中镉含量的算术平均值为 70.8±44.7μg/kg（AM±SD）。根据食物消费数据计算得出的每天从大米中摄入的镉量（Cd 摄入量）的几何平均值为 9.12μg/天（GSD 2.33）。血清和尿液中镉浓度的几何平均值分别为 1.57μg/L（GSD 2.11）和 1.93μg/g 肌酐（cr.）（GSD 2.05）。多元回归分析显示，（1）尿游离脱氧吡啶啉（FDPD-U）与 Cd 摄入量呈正相关（p<0.05），（2）尿交联型 I 型胶原 N-末端肽（NTx-U）与 Cd 摄入量呈正相关（p<0.05），以及（3）FDPD-U 或 NTx-U 与尿中镉浓度呈正相关（p<0.01）。超声骨评估参数与镉相关生物标志物之间无显著相关性。
结论
本研究结果提示环境低水平镉暴露可能导致骨骼代谢紊乱。就骨质疏松而言，需要进行长期随访调查以评估环境暴露中镉的可耐受摄入量。
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