心理因素，包括综合感知和一些生活方式，与日本老年工人的一般健康问卷-12（GHQ-12）有关。
Psychological factors including sense of coherence and some lifestyles are related to general health questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) in elderly workers in Japan.
机构信息
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2007 Mar;12(2):71-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02898152.
OBJECTIVES
The number of elderly workers has also been increasing and poor psychological well-being in elderly workers has been reported. The aim of this study is to elucidate the factors that are related to poor psychological well-being in elderly workers.
METHODS
We administered General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) as an indicator of psychological well-being to 330 male elderly workers in the age range of 50-69, and analyzed different psychological factors, namely sense of coherence (SOC), and physical and lifestyle variables such as blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, smoking frequency, alcohol intake, exercise frequency, and body mass index (BMI) that are related to GHQ-12.
RESULTS
When the cut-off point of GHQ-12 was 2/3, 97 workers who showed high GHQ-12 score were classified as one group having poor psychological well-being. A statistically significantly lower SOC score, higher stress score, lower frequency of exercise, higher smoking score and higher BMI, but not longer working hours or higher shift work score in the workers with higher GHQ-12 scores were observed than in the workers with normal GHQ-12 scores. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the low SCO score, low frequency of exercise, high smoking frequency and high BMI significantly contributed to the high GHQ-12 score.
CONCLUSIONS
A low SOC score in elderly workers is assumed to be directly related to poor psychological well-being, or via the development of lifestyle problems such as lack of exercise, obesity, and smoking in elderly workers. This assumption must be confirmed by conducting future intervention studies on lifestyle.
目的
老年工人的数量也在增加，有报道称老年工人的心理健康状况较差。本研究旨在阐明与老年工人心理健康状况较差相关的因素。
方法
我们向 330 名年龄在 50-69 岁之间的男性老年工人发放了一般健康问卷-12（GHQ-12），作为心理健康的指标，并分析了不同的心理因素，即心理韧性（SOC），以及与 GHQ-12 相关的身体和生活方式变量，如血压、血清总胆固醇、吸烟频率、饮酒量、运动频率和体重指数（BMI）。
结果
当 GHQ-12 的截断值为 2/3 时，97 名 GHQ-12 得分较高的工人被分为一组，表现出较差的心理健康状况。与 GHQ-12 得分正常的工人相比，这些工人的 SOC 得分较低，压力得分较高，运动频率较低，吸烟得分较高，BMI 较高，但工作时间较长或轮班工作得分较高。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，SOC 评分低、运动频率低、吸烟频率高和 BMI 高与 GHQ-12 评分高显著相关。
结论
老年工人的 SOC 评分较低，可能与心理健康状况较差直接相关，或通过缺乏运动、肥胖和吸烟等生活方式问题的发展与老年工人的心理健康状况较差相关。这一假设必须通过对生活方式进行未来的干预研究来证实。
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