锻炼对居家老年人体力活动相关跌倒风险因素的影响：一项干预试验。
Effects of physical exercise on fall risk factors in elderly at home in intervention trial.
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimamityou, 950-3198, Niigatasi, Niigata, Japan,
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2006 Sep;11(5):250-5. doi: 10.1007/BF02898014.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we used an intervention approach to examine the effects of physical exercise on elderly people living at home in a rural area.
METHODS
Two regions in a village were randomly assigned as the control and intervention regions. The subjects were 60 years of age or older and were able to carry out their activities of daily living independently. The numbers of subjects were 56 and 81 for the control and intervention regions, respectively. In the control region, lectures on health were provided twice. In the intervention region, instructions on ten types of physical exercise were provided six times during this three-month study. In addition, the subjects in the intervention region were instructed to do, exercises by themselves at home three days per week. The effects were compared by evaluating motor functions in maximum step length, 10-m full-power walking parameters, right knee extension torque, right hip flexion torque, and stepping time on a 40-cm staircase; data were obtained before and after the intervention.
RESULTS
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed significant improvements in right maximum step length, the mean of the right and left maximum step lengths, and right hip flexion torque in the intervention region.
CONCLUSION
The three-month physical exercise program improves the motor functions of the elderly.
目的
本研究采用干预方法，考察了对农村地区居家老年人进行身体锻炼的影响。
方法
随机将一个村庄的两个区域分为对照组和干预组。研究对象为年龄在 60 岁及以上且能够独立进行日常生活活动的人群。对照组和干预组的研究对象分别为 56 人和 81 人。在对照组，提供了两次健康讲座。在干预组，在为期三个月的研究中，共进行了六次十种身体锻炼的指导。此外，还要求干预组的研究对象每周在家进行三天的锻炼。通过评估最大步长、10 米全力行走参数、右膝伸展扭矩、右髋关节弯曲扭矩和 40 厘米楼梯上的踏阶时间等运动功能，比较干预前后的效果。
结果
协方差分析（ANCOVA）显示，干预组的右最大步长、右和左最大步长平均值以及右髋关节弯曲扭矩均有显著改善。
结论
为期三个月的身体锻炼方案可改善老年人的运动功能。
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