Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Division, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Apr;100(4):703-18. doi: 10.1037/a0022540.
Four studies using survey and experimental designs examined whether people whose moral identity is highly self-defining are more susceptible to experiencing a state of moral elevation after being exposed to acts of uncommon moral goodness. Moral elevation consists of a suite of responses that motivate prosocial action tendencies. Study 1 showed that people higher (vs. lower) in moral identity centrality reported experiencing more intense elevating emotions, had more positive views of humanity, and were more desirous of becoming a better person after reading about an act of uncommon goodness than about a merely positive situation or an act of common benevolence. Study 2 showed that those high in moral identity centrality were more likely to recall acts of moral goodness and experience moral elevation in response to such events more strongly. These experiences were positively related to self-reported prosocial behavior. Study 3 showed a direct effect on behavior using manipulated, rather than measured, moral identity centrality. Study 4 replicated the effect of moral identity on the states of elevation as well as on self-reported physical sensations and showed that the elevation mediates the relationship between moral identity, witnessing uncommon goodness, and prosocial behavior.
四项研究采用调查和实验设计，考察了那些道德认同高度自我定义的人在接触到非凡的道德善行后，是否更容易经历一种道德升华状态。道德升华包括一系列激发亲社会行为倾向的反应。研究 1 表明，道德认同中心性较高（而非较低）的人报告说，在阅读非凡善行的行为后，他们体验到更强烈的升华情绪，对人性有更积极的看法，并且更渴望成为一个更好的人，而不是仅仅阅读积极的情况或普通的善行。研究 2 表明，那些道德认同中心性较高的人更有可能回忆起道德善行，并对这些事件更强烈地体验到道德升华。这些经历与自我报告的亲社会行为呈正相关。研究 3 使用操纵而不是测量的道德认同中心性来显示对行为的直接影响。研究 4 复制了道德认同对提升状态以及自我报告的身体感觉的影响，并表明提升状态在道德认同、见证非凡善行和亲社会行为之间的关系中起中介作用。
