Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
J Intern Med. 2011 Jun;269(6):560-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02379.x.
To describe the prevalence of Coeliac disease (CD) and its clinical management.
Narrative review.
Coeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder that primarily affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Recent data suggest a prevalence of about 1% in most Western countries, a figure that likely represents an increase in the prevalence of CD. Risk groups include those who are members of families with individuals who have CD as well as those with Type I diabetes and a variety of autoimmune diseases. Whereas biopsy is the gold standard in diagnosis, serological tests are crucial in determining who should undergo endoscopy and biopsy. HLA testing should be used only to rule out CD. Currently, a gluten-free diet is the only available therapy.
In conclusion, CD is one of the most common immune-mediated disorders in the Western world. It should be considered in patients with a number of varying GI and non-GI symptoms, as well as in high-risk groups that include first-degree relatives.
描述乳糜泻（CD）的流行情况及其临床管理。
叙述性综述。
乳糜泻（CD）是一种主要影响胃肠道（GI）的免疫介导性疾病。最近的数据表明，在大多数西方国家，CD 的患病率约为 1%，这一数字可能代表 CD 患病率的增加。风险群体包括那些有 CD 家族成员的人，以及 1 型糖尿病和各种自身免疫性疾病患者。虽然活检是诊断的金标准，但血清学检查对于确定哪些人应进行内镜检查和活检至关重要。HLA 检测仅用于排除 CD。目前，无麸质饮食是唯一可用的治疗方法。
总之，CD 是西方世界最常见的免疫介导性疾病之一。对于具有多种不同胃肠道和非胃肠道症状的患者，以及包括一级亲属在内的高危人群，都应考虑到 CD。
