探索东非和西非社会生态恢复力的动态：来自坦桑尼亚和尼日尔的初步证据。
Exploring the dynamics of social-ecological resilience in East and West Africa: Preliminary evidence from Tanzania and Niger.
作者信息
Strauch A M, Muller J M, Almedom A M
机构信息
Biology Department, Tufts University, 163 Packard Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2008 Dec;8 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S28-35.
BACKGROUND
Social-ecological resilience refers to the dynamic process of adaptive learning, reorganization and meaning-making demonstrated in linked human, animal, and plant ecosystems often organized in formal and/or informal social institutions, as they anticipate, withstand and/or judiciously engage with adversity while maintaining function without fundamentally losing their identity.
OBJECTIVE
To present two sets of examples that illustrate the complex ways in which transformation and persistence, two key aspects of the adaptive cycle may work together to preserve established patterns of human and/or animal uses of water resources and food plant species, in rural East and West Africa, respectively around the Serengeti National Park (Tanzania), and "Park W" (Niger), with the aim of identifying possible indicators of social-ecological resilience.
METHODS
Selective combinations of ecological and anthropological, quantitative and qualitative methods, including participatory tools of investigation and analysis.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Our preliminary results are presented with minimal commentary and discussion in order to avoid hasty and/or unwarranted interpretation of the ongoing purposely iterative processes of investigation and analysis in the two study sites. Nevertheless we have identified a number of possible indicators of social-ecological resilience that may be tested in other localities in Africa and elsewhere.
背景
社会生态韧性指的是在通常由正式和/或非正式社会机构组织起来的相互关联的人类、动物和植物生态系统中展现出的适应性学习、重组和意义建构的动态过程，这些生态系统在预期、抵御和/或明智应对逆境的同时维持功能且不根本丧失其特性。
目的
给出两组示例，说明适应性循环的两个关键方面——转型与存续，可能如何共同作用，分别在东非和西非农村地区，围绕塞伦盖蒂国家公园（坦桑尼亚）和“W公园”（尼日尔），保护人类和/或动物对水资源及食用植物物种的既定利用模式，旨在确定社会生态韧性的可能指标。
方法
生态与人类学、定量与定性方法的选择性组合，包括参与式调查和分析工具。
结果与讨论
我们的初步结果以最少的评论和讨论呈现，以避免对两个研究地点正在进行的、有目的的迭代调查和分析过程进行仓促和/或无根据的解读。尽管如此，我们已经确定了一些社会生态韧性的可能指标，可在非洲其他地区及其他地方进行检验。
Zotero 插件