Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2010 Sep;94(2):261-6. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2010.94-261.
Charles Sherrington identified the properties of the synapse by purely behavioral means-the study of reflexes-more than 100 years ago. They were subsequently confirmed neurophysiologically. Studying reflex interaction, he also showed that activating one reflex often facilitates another, antagonistic one: successive induction, which has since been demonstrated in a wide range of species, from aphids to locusts to dogs and humans. We show a particularly orderly example in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae; the behavior (locomotion) of larvae is low in dark and intermediate in light, but low in light and substantially higher in dark when dark followed light. A quantitative model of a simple dynamic process is described that readily captures the behavior pattern and the effects of a number of manipulations of lighting conditions.
查尔斯·谢灵顿（Charles Sherrington）早在 100 多年前就通过纯粹的行为学方法——反射研究——来识别突触的特性。这些特性随后在神经生理学上得到了证实。在研究反射相互作用时，他还表明激活一个反射通常会促进另一个拮抗反射：连续诱导，这在从蚜虫到蝗虫到狗和人类等多种物种中都得到了证明。我们在斑马鱼（Danio rerio）幼虫中展示了一个特别有序的例子；在黑暗中，幼虫的行为（运动）较低，在光中，幼虫的行为（运动）中等，但在光中较低，在黑暗中则显著升高，当黑暗跟随光时。描述了一个简单动态过程的定量模型，该模型很容易捕捉到行为模式以及许多光照条件操作的影响。
