Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 Mar 31;8:25. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-25.
The family environment offers several opportunities through which to improve adolescents' weight and weight-related behaviors. This study aims to examine the cross-sectional relationships between multiple factors in the family environment and physical activity (PA), television use (TV), soft drink intake, fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, body mass index (BMI), and body composition among a sample of sociodemographically-diverse adolescent girls.
Subjects included girls (mean age=15.7), 71% of whom identified as a racial/ethnic minority, and one of their parents (dyad n=253). Parents completed surveys assessing factors in the family environment including familial support for adolescents' PA, healthful dietary intake, and limiting TV use; parental modeling of behavior; and resources in the home such as availability of healthful food. Girls' PA and TV use were measured by 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR) and dietary intake by survey measures. BMI was measured by study staff, and body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Hierarchical linear regression models tested individual and mutually-adjusted relationships between family environment factors and girls' outcomes.
In the individual models, positive associations were observed between family support for PA and girls' total PA (p=.011) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (p=.016), home food availability and girls' soft drink (p<.001) and FV (p<.001) intake, and family meal frequency and girls' FV intake (p=.023). Across the individual and mutually-adjusted models, parental modeling of PA, TV, and soft drink and FV intake was consistently associated with girls' behavior.
Helping parents improve their physical activity and dietary intake, as well as reduce time watching television, may be an effective way to promote healthful behaviors and weight among adolescent girls.
家庭环境提供了多种机会，可以改善青少年的体重和与体重相关的行为。本研究旨在检验家庭环境中多种因素与身体活动（PA）、看电视（TV）、软饮料摄入、水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入、身体质量指数（BMI）和身体成分之间的横断面关系，研究对象为来自不同社会人口背景的青少年女孩。
研究对象包括女孩（平均年龄为 15.7 岁），其中 71%为少数民族，以及她们的父母（对子 n=253）。父母完成了评估家庭环境中多种因素的调查，包括青少年 PA 的家庭支持、健康饮食摄入和限制电视使用、父母行为榜样以及家庭中健康食品的供应等方面。女孩的 PA 和 TV 使用通过 3 天体力活动回忆（3DPAR）和调查措施进行测量，BMI 由研究人员测量，体脂肪通过双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）测量。分层线性回归模型测试了家庭环境因素与女孩结果之间的个体和相互调整关系。
在个体模型中，观察到家庭对 PA 的支持与女孩的总 PA（p=.011）和中高强度 PA（p=.016）呈正相关，家庭食品供应与女孩的软饮料（p<.001）和 FV（p<.001）摄入呈正相关，家庭用餐频率与女孩的 FV 摄入呈正相关（p=.023）。在个体和相互调整的模型中，父母对 PA、TV 和软饮料和 FV 摄入的行为榜样与女孩的行为始终相关。
帮助父母改善他们的体育活动和饮食摄入，以及减少看电视的时间，可能是促进青少年女孩健康行为和体重的有效方法。
