Haerens L, Craeynest M, Deforche B, Maes L, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jan;62(1):51-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602681. Epub 2007 Feb 14.
The present study aimed at investigating the influence of food availability, rules and television viewing habits on eating behaviours in adolescents.
Cross-sectional study.
Four randomly selected middle schools.
A sample of 534 seventh and eighth graders.
Validated questionnaires were used to measure the family environment and fat, soft drink and fruit consumption. Hierarchical regression analyses on fat, soft drink and fruit consumption, with demographic and psychosocial variables entered as the first and environmental factors as the second block were conducted in boys and girls.
Boys with more unhealthy products available at home consumed more fat (P< or =0.001, 95% CI: 8.2-29.4) and more soft drinks (P< or =0.01, 95% CI: 0.2-1.4). Boys who reported better television viewing habits ate more fruit (P< or =0.001, 95% CI: -1.7 to -0.5). Girls who reported better television viewing habits consumed less fat (P< or =0.01, 95% CI: 1.4-9.0) and more fruit (P< or =0.05, 95% CI: -1.0 to -0.1). Girls who reported higher availability of healthy products at home (P< or =0.05, 95% CI: 0.3-3.1) and more food rules (P< or =0.001, 95% CI: -1.8 to -0.5), consumed more fruit. Environmental factors were poor predictors of soft drink consumption among girls.
Availability of (un)healthy food products, family food rules and TV viewing habits were related to one or more eating behaviours in boys or girls. Although home environmental factors can play an important role in influencing adolescents' eating behaviours, these factors were generally less predictive than demographic and psychosocial variables.
本研究旨在调查食物供应、规则和电视观看习惯对青少年饮食行为的影响。
横断面研究。
四所随机选择的中学。
534名七年级和八年级学生的样本。
使用经过验证的问卷来测量家庭环境以及脂肪、软饮料和水果的摄入量。对男孩和女孩进行了脂肪、软饮料和水果摄入量的分层回归分析，将人口统计学和心理社会变量作为第一组输入，环境因素作为第二组输入。
家中有更多不健康食品的男孩摄入了更多脂肪（P≤0.001，95%置信区间：8.2 - 29.4）和更多软饮料（P≤0.01，95%置信区间：0.2 - 1.4）。报告电视观看习惯较好的男孩吃更多水果（P≤0.001，95%置信区间： - 1.7至 - 0.5）。报告电视观看习惯较好的女孩摄入较少脂肪（P≤0.01，95%置信区间：1.4 - 9.0）和更多水果（P≤0.05，95%置信区间： - 1.0至 - 0.1）。报告家中健康食品供应较多（P≤0.05，95%置信区间：0.3 - 3.1）且食物规则更多（P≤0.001，95%置信区间： - 1.8至 - 0.5）的女孩摄入更多水果。环境因素对女孩软饮料摄入量的预测能力较差。
（不）健康食品的供应、家庭食物规则和电视观看习惯与男孩或女孩的一种或多种饮食行为有关。虽然家庭环境因素在影响青少年饮食行为方面可以发挥重要作用，但这些因素的预测能力通常低于人口统计学和心理社会变量。
