Costas Celina, Desvoyes Bénédicte, Gutierrez Crisanto
Centro de Biologia Molecukar Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Aug;1809(8):379-87. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.03.005. Epub 2011 Mar 29.
The finely regulated series of events that span from the birth of a cell to the production of two new born cells encompass the cell cycle. Cell cycle progression occurs in a unidirectional manner and requires passing through a number of stages in response to cellular, developmental and environmental cues. In addition to these signaling cascades, transcriptional regulation plays a major role and acts coordinately with genome duplication during S-phase and chromosome segregation during mitosis. In this context, chromatin is revealing as a highly dynamic and major player in cell cycle regulation not only owing to the changes that occur as a consequence of cell cycle progression but also because some specific chromatin modifications are crucial to move across the cell cycle. These are particularly relevant for controlling transcriptional activation and repression as well as initiation of DNA replication and chromosome compaction. As a consequence the epigenetic landscape of a proliferating cell is very complex throughout the cell cycle. These aspects of chromatin dynamics together with the impact of epigenetic modifications on cell proliferation will be discussed in this article. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Epigenetic Control of cellular and developmental processes in plants.
从一个细胞诞生到产生两个新细胞所经历的一系列精细调控的事件构成了细胞周期。细胞周期的进程以单向方式进行，并且需要根据细胞、发育和环境信号经历多个阶段。除了这些信号级联反应外，转录调控起着主要作用，并在S期与基因组复制以及有丝分裂期间的染色体分离协同作用。在这种情况下，染色质不仅由于细胞周期进程而发生的变化，而且因为一些特定的染色质修饰对于跨越细胞周期至关重要，从而在细胞周期调控中显示为一个高度动态的主要参与者。这些对于控制转录激活和抑制以及DNA复制起始和染色体压缩尤为重要。因此，增殖细胞的表观遗传格局在整个细胞周期中非常复杂。本文将讨论染色质动力学的这些方面以及表观遗传修饰对细胞增殖的影响。本文是名为：植物细胞和发育过程的表观遗传控制的特刊的一部分。
