Bouhuys A L, Schutte H K, Beersma D G, Nieboer G L
Department of Biological Psychiatry, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Affect Disord. 1990 Aug;19(4):249-58. doi: 10.1016/0165-0327(90)90102-e.
The mechanism underlying improvement after total sleep deprivation (TSD) was studied in 14 major depressed patients. The suggestions that (1) circadian processes and/or (2) dimensions of arousal may play a role in the response to TSD were investigated. Diurnal variation of depressed mood and of mood- and arousal-related vocal parameters was studied in relation to the effect of TSD on depressed mood and vocal parameters. During 3 baseline days, during TSD and 2 days after TSD vocal parameters and depressed mood were assessed 6 and 3 times daily respectively. The mean fundamental frequency (frequency of vocal fold vibration, F0) (presumably reflecting aspects of arousal) as well as the range of the F0 (proposed to reflect sadness) showed a clear circadian pattern with a peak at about 4.00 p.m. TSD affected the circadian organization of the mean F0 and advanced the peak of the curve. After one night of subsequent sleep this effect disappeared. In addition, improvement after TSD coincided with an increase of the mean F0. The diurnal variation of mood before TSD predicted the mood response to TSD, whereas diurnal variation of vocal parameters did not. Moreover, circadian changes in vocal parameters were not related to changes in depressed mood. These findings suggest that the diurnal variations in mood and vocal parameters are regulated by different mechanisms. Data support the presumption that circadian as well as arousal processes are involved in the mood response to TSD. Circadian changes in vocal parameters due to TSD are not likely to reflect changes in the biological clock.
对14名重度抑郁症患者进行了全睡眠剥夺（TSD）后病情改善机制的研究。研究了以下两种观点：（1）昼夜节律过程和/或（2）唤醒维度可能在对TSD的反应中起作用。研究了抑郁情绪以及与情绪和唤醒相关的声音参数的昼夜变化与TSD对抑郁情绪和声音参数的影响之间的关系。在3个基线日、TSD期间以及TSD后的2天，分别每天6次和3次评估声音参数和抑郁情绪。平均基频（声带振动频率，F0）（可能反映唤醒方面）以及F0的范围（被认为反映悲伤）呈现出明显的昼夜节律模式，在下午4点左右达到峰值。TSD影响了平均F0的昼夜节律组织，并使曲线峰值提前。经过随后一晚的睡眠，这种影响消失。此外，TSD后的病情改善与平均F0的增加同时出现。TSD前情绪的昼夜变化预测了对TSD的情绪反应，而声音参数的昼夜变化则不能。而且，声音参数的昼夜变化与抑郁情绪的变化无关。这些发现表明，情绪和声音参数的昼夜变化受不同机制调节。数据支持昼夜节律以及唤醒过程参与对TSD的情绪反应这一推测。TSD导致的声音参数的昼夜变化不太可能反映生物钟的变化。
