Department of Economic Psychology, Educational Psychology and Evaluation, University of Vienna, Australia.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2011 Apr;16(2):230-46. doi: 10.1037/a0022334.
Although prior research points to the gendered nature of work and private routines, surprisingly few studies have explored the influence of gender on the sources of psychological well-being in retirement. Drawing on resource theories and theories on the gendered division of labor, this study examines how preretirement resources relate to retirees' psychological well-being by using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. It is hypothesized that possessing key resources prior to retirement as well as losing or gaining resources in the transition to retirement influence retirees' well-being and that these effects are partially conditioned by gender. Results indicate that preretirement physical health, tenacity in goal pursuit, and flexibility in goal adjustment are beneficial for men's and women's well-being alike. By contrast, financial assets and job dissatisfaction are more strongly related to men's psychological well-being in retirement and preretirement social contacts to that of women. Thus, the study underscores the importance of considering gendered resources in retirement research.
尽管先前的研究指出了工作和私人生活的性别差异，但令人惊讶的是，很少有研究探讨性别对退休后心理健康来源的影响。本研究借鉴资源理论和性别分工理论，利用威斯康星州纵向研究的数据，考察了退休前的资源如何通过退休过渡影响退休人员的心理健康。研究假设，退休前拥有关键资源以及在退休过渡中失去或获得资源会影响退休人员的幸福感，而这些影响在一定程度上受到性别的影响。研究结果表明，退休前的身体健康、追求目标的坚韧不拔和目标调整的灵活性对男性和女性的幸福感都有好处。相比之下，金融资产和工作不满与男性退休后的心理健康更为相关，而退休前的社会联系则与女性更为相关。因此，该研究强调了在退休研究中考虑性别资源的重要性。
