Amorim Silvia Miranda, França Lucia Helena de F P, Valentini Felipe
Graduate School of Psychology - University Salgado de Oliveira - UNIVERSO, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Psicol Reflex Crit. 2017 Jan 19;30(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s41155-016-0055-3.
This study compared differences in degree of happiness, social support, activities performed, and health and economic situation among retirees from urban and rural areas in Minas Gerais State in Brazil. The influences of these predictors over individuals' level of happiness were also analyzed.We included 279 retired individuals living in Abre Campo (a municipality with a population fewer than 20,000 inhabitants, which is considered a rural area) and in Belo Horizonte (a municipality with a population of almost 2.5 million inhabitants, which is considered an urban area). Participants responded to a questionnaire that included scales of happiness, social support, diversity of activities, and issues about satisfaction with health and economic situation. Retirees from the urban area had a higher happiness level than retirees from the rural area (β = 0.16). The most important predictors of happiness were health (β = 0.42), social support (β = 0.26), and economic situation (β = 0.15), but no moderation effects of urban and rural areas were found. Our findings support the implementation of actions to offer financial planning before retirement and to stimulate social support and health promotion for retirees, particularly given the importance of these factors in perception of happiness.
本研究比较了巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州城乡退休人员在幸福程度、社会支持、从事的活动以及健康和经济状况方面的差异。还分析了这些预测因素对个人幸福水平的影响。我们纳入了279名居住在阿布雷坎波（一个人口不足2万居民的市镇，被视为农村地区）和贝洛奥里藏特（一个人口近250万居民的市镇，被视为城市地区）的退休人员。参与者回答了一份问卷，其中包括幸福量表、社会支持量表、活动多样性量表以及关于健康和经济状况满意度的问题。城市地区的退休人员比农村地区的退休人员幸福水平更高（β = 0.16）。幸福的最重要预测因素是健康（β = 0.42）、社会支持（β = 0.26）和经济状况（β = 0.15），但未发现城乡地区的调节作用。我们的研究结果支持在退休前实施提供财务规划以及促进对退休人员的社会支持和健康促进的行动，特别是考虑到这些因素在幸福感知中的重要性。
