Diaz James H
School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Am J Disaster Med. 2011 Jan-Feb;6(1):5-22.
To describe the acute health impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in Louisiana as compared with the acute health impacts reported from prior crude oil spills. To predict potential chronic health impacts in Louisiana as compared with the chronic health impacts reported from prior crude oil spills.
Offshore and onshore coastal southeastern Louisiana.
Oil spill offshore and onshore cleanup workers and the general population of coastal southeastern Louisiana.
Not applicable to an observational study.
Adverse acute health effects of petrochemical and dispersant exposures in highly exposed offshore and onshore cleanup workers and the general population; prior chronic adverse health effects reported from prior oil spills; and predicted chronic adverse health effects based on intensity of chemical exposures and on seroprevalences of genetic polymorphisms.
Acute health effects in cleanup workers mirrored those reported in cleanup workers following prior oil spills as ranked by systems (and by symptoms). Acute health effects in lesser exposed members of the general population mirrored those reported in similar coastal residents following prior oil spills but differed from cleanup workers as ranked by systems (and symptoms).
Subpopulations of cleanup workers and the general population with specific conditions or genetic polymorphisms in enzyme systems that detoxify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in petrochemicals and glycols in dispersants will require long-term surveillance for chronic adverse health effects including cancer, liver and kidney diseases, mental health disorders, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
描述路易斯安那州深水地平线漏油事件对健康的急性影响，并与以往原油泄漏事件报告的急性健康影响进行比较。预测路易斯安那州可能出现的慢性健康影响，并与以往原油泄漏事件报告的慢性健康影响进行比较。
路易斯安那州东南部近海和沿海地区。
近海和陆上漏油清理工人以及路易斯安那州东南部沿海地区的普通民众。
不适用于观察性研究。
高度暴露的近海和陆上清理工人以及普通民众接触石化产品和分散剂后产生的不良急性健康影响；以往漏油事件报告的慢性不良健康影响；以及根据化学物质暴露强度和基因多态性血清流行率预测的慢性不良健康影响。
清理工人的急性健康影响与以往漏油事件后清理工人报告的按系统（和症状）排序的影响相似。普通人群中暴露程度较低的成员的急性健康影响与以往漏油事件后类似沿海居民报告的影响相似，但按系统（和症状）排序与清理工人不同。
对于清理工人和普通人群中具有特定条件或酶系统基因多态性的亚群，这些酶系统可对石化产品中的多环芳烃和分散剂中的二醇进行解毒，需要对其进行长期监测，以了解包括癌症、肝脏和肾脏疾病、精神健康障碍以及胎儿酒精谱系障碍在内的慢性不良健康影响。
