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从引发情绪的行为片段中推导出儿童气质测量:量表的编制和初步验证。

Deriving childhood temperament measures from emotion-eliciting behavioral episodes: scale construction and initial validation.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706-1611, USA.

出版信息

Psychol Assess. 2011 Jun;23(2):337-53. doi: 10.1037/a0021746.

Abstract

The authors describe the development and initial validation of a home-based version of the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery (Lab-TAB), which was designed to assess childhood temperament with a comprehensive series of emotion-eliciting behavioral episodes. This article provides researchers with general guidelines for assessing specific behaviors using the Lab-TAB and for forming behavioral composites that correspond to commonly researched temperament dimensions. We used mother ratings and independent postvisit observer ratings to provide validity evidence in a community sample of 4.5-year-old children. 12 Lab-TAB behavioral episodes were employed, yielding 24 within-episode temperament components that collapsed into 9 higher level composites (Anger, Sadness, Fear, Shyness, Positive Expression, Approach, Active Engagement, Persistence, and Inhibitory Control). These dimensions of temperament are similar to those found in questionnaire-based assessments. Correlations among the 9 composites were low to moderate, suggesting relative independence. As expected, agreement between Lab-TAB measures and postvisit observer ratings was stronger than agreement between the Lab-TAB and mother questionnaire. However, for Active Engagement and Shyness, mother ratings did predict child behavior in the Lab-TAB quite well. Findings demonstrate the feasibility of emotion-eliciting temperament assessment methodologies, suggest appropriate methods for data aggregation into trait-level constructs and set some expectations for associations between Lab-TAB dimensions and the degree of cross-method convergence between the Lab-TAB and other commonly used temperament assessments.

摘要

作者描述了一种基于家庭的实验室气质评估电池(Lab-TAB)的开发和初步验证,该电池旨在通过一系列全面的情绪诱发行为片段来评估儿童气质。本文为研究人员提供了使用 Lab-TAB 评估特定行为以及形成与常见研究气质维度相对应的行为综合的一般指南。我们使用母亲评分和独立的事后观察评分在一个 4.5 岁儿童的社区样本中提供了有效性证据。使用了 12 个 Lab-TAB 行为片段,产生了 24 个片段内气质成分,这些成分合并为 9 个更高层次的综合指标(愤怒、悲伤、恐惧、害羞、积极表达、接近、积极参与、坚持和抑制控制)。这些气质维度与问卷调查评估中发现的维度相似。9 个综合指标之间的相关性较低至中等,表明相对独立。正如预期的那样,Lab-TAB 测量与事后观察评分之间的一致性强于 Lab-TAB 与母亲问卷之间的一致性。然而,对于积极参与和害羞,母亲评分确实很好地预测了孩子在 Lab-TAB 中的行为。研究结果表明情绪诱发气质评估方法的可行性,提出了将数据聚合为特质水平结构的适当方法,并对 Lab-TAB 维度与 Lab-TAB 与其他常用气质评估之间的跨方法收敛程度之间的关联提出了一些期望。

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