Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Neuron. 2011 Apr 14;70(1):153-69. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.043.
The most prominent EEG events in sleep are slow waves, reflecting a slow (<1 Hz) oscillation between up and down states in cortical neurons. It is unknown whether slow oscillations are synchronous across the majority or the minority of brain regions--are they a global or local phenomenon? To examine this, we recorded simultaneously scalp EEG, intracerebral EEG, and unit firing in multiple brain regions of neurosurgical patients. We find that most sleep slow waves and the underlying active and inactive neuronal states occur locally. Thus, especially in late sleep, some regions can be active while others are silent. We also find that slow waves can propagate, usually from medial prefrontal cortex to the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus. Sleep spindles, the other hallmark of NREM sleep EEG, are likewise predominantly local. Thus, intracerebral communication during sleep is constrained because slow and spindle oscillations often occur out-of-phase in different brain regions.
睡眠中最显著的脑电图事件是慢波，反映了皮质神经元上下状态之间的缓慢（<1 Hz）振荡。目前尚不清楚慢波是否在大脑区域的大多数或少数中是同步的——它们是全局现象还是局部现象？为了研究这个问题，我们同时记录了神经外科患者的头皮脑电图、脑内脑电图和多个脑区的单位放电。我们发现，大多数睡眠慢波及其潜在的活跃和不活跃神经元状态是局部发生的。因此，尤其是在睡眠后期，一些区域可以活跃，而另一些区域则保持沉默。我们还发现，慢波可以传播，通常从前额叶皮质的内侧到内侧颞叶和海马体。睡眠纺锤波，NREM 睡眠脑电图的另一个标志，同样主要是局部的。因此，睡眠期间的脑内通信受到限制，因为慢波和纺锤波振荡通常在不同的脑区中不同步。
