Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Havana, Cuba.
MEDICC Rev. 2008 Apr;10(2):21-6. doi: 10.37757/MR2008.V10.N2.8.
Introduction Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality increase in women after menopause. Various scoring models assess qualitative risk of cardiovascular disease. The Framingham Heart Study global risk score is among the most widely used. Objective Determine level of coronary heart disease risk among women aged ≥60 years in a Havana health catchment area (geographic area whose residents are served by the M�rtires del Corynthia Polyclinic, in the Plaza de la Revoluci�n municipality of Havana). Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2006. Universe: all women (3,396) aged ≥60 years in the catchment area, attended at the primary care level by the Polyclinic and 42 neighborhood family doctor-and-nurse offices. Equal probability sample: 1,082 women meeting the inclusion criteria, chosen through single-stage cluster sampling considering a <10% error margin for estimates for this parameter, a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a design effect of 1.5. Absolute frequencies and percentages were calculated to summarize the qualitative data obtained. Results were presented as tables. Results The most common cardiovascular risk factors found in this study were: physical inactivity, 74.9%; hypertension (HTN), 70.6%; abdominal obesity, 53%; reported family history of coronary heart disease (CHD), 41.8%; diabetes mellitus (DM), 21.8%; and cigarette smoking, 17.2%. Scoring according to number of risk factors present in each individual, 79.3% of these women fell into the high- or moderate-risk categories. Conclusion The large number of women categorized as high- or moderate-risk for coronary heart disease in this population emphasizes the need for preventive actions aimed at reducing these figures.
Cardiovascular diseases, vascular diseases, ischemic heart disease, coronary heart disease, postmenopause, woman, aged, risk factors, risk assessment, hypertension, high blood pressure, lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, obesity, abdominal adipose tissue, body mass index, physical inactivity, tobacco use.
目的 确定哈瓦那卫生服务区（位于哈瓦那革命广场市的 Martires del Corynthia 综合诊所服务的地理区域）≥60 岁女性的冠心病风险水平。
方法 2006 年进行了一项描述性、横断面研究。总体：该服务区内所有年龄≥60 岁的女性（3396 人），在综合诊所一级接受治疗，共有 42 个邻里家庭医生-护士办公室。等概率样本：通过单阶段聚类抽样，选择了 1082 名符合纳入标准的女性，考虑到该参数的估计值有<10%的误差幅度、95%置信区间（CI）和 1.5 的设计效应。为了总结定性数据，计算了绝对频率和百分比。结果以表格形式呈现。
结果 本研究中最常见的心血管危险因素是：缺乏体力活动，74.9%；高血压（HTN），70.6%；腹部肥胖，53%；报告有冠心病家族史，41.8%；糖尿病（DM），21.8%；吸烟，17.2%。根据每个人存在的危险因素数量进行评分，79.3%的女性属于高或中度冠心病风险类别。
结论 该人群中大量女性被归类为冠心病的高或中度风险，这强调了采取预防措施降低这些数字的必要性。
