University of Akron.
Texas Tech University.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2011 Apr;81(2):255-264. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2011.01094.x.
Anxiety and its disorders, often present before adulthood, have high personal and societal costs for men and women. This study tested a mediation model in which 3 forms of coping mediate the relation of 3 agentic personality characteristics (i.e., traits associated with the belief that people can effectively exercise control over their lives) to lower levels of anxiety within 1 subgroup of young adults (i.e., college students). The agentic personality characteristics were (a) hardiness, (b) personal growth initiative, and (c) coping self-efficacy. The forms of dispositional coping were (a) problem-focused, (b) emotion-focused, and (c) avoidant. Results suggest that agentic personality characteristics differentially relate to forms of coping and trait anxiety. In addition, coping appears to fully mediate the relations of the personality characteristics to anxiety. The results imply that agentic personality characteristics and coping are important in decreasing and/or protecting against anxiety, in part because of how they relate to forms of coping, and suggest the need for more research.
焦虑及其障碍在成年前就经常出现，给男性和女性带来了很高的个人和社会成本。本研究测试了一个中介模型，其中 3 种应对方式中介了 3 种能动性人格特征（即与人们相信自己可以有效地控制自己生活的信念相关的特征）与 1 组年轻成年人（即大学生）中较低焦虑水平之间的关系。能动性人格特征包括（a）坚韧、（b）个人成长主动性和（c）应对自我效能感。特质应对方式包括（a）问题聚焦、（b）情绪聚焦和（c）回避。结果表明，能动性人格特征与应对方式和特质焦虑之间存在差异关系。此外，应对方式似乎完全中介了人格特征与焦虑之间的关系。研究结果表明，能动性人格特征和应对方式在降低和/或预防焦虑方面很重要，部分原因是它们与应对方式有关，并表明需要进一步研究。
