Ooi Cheow Peng, Loke Seng Cheong, Yassin Zaitun, Hamid Tengku-Aizan
Institute of Gerontology, University Putra Malaysia, 3rd floor, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, 43400.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Apr 13;2011(4):CD007220. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007220.pub2.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between normal cognition and dementia in which daily function is largely intact. This condition may present an opportunity for research into the prevention of dementia. Carbohydrate is an essential and easily accessible macronutrient which influences cognitive performance. A better understanding of carbohydrate-driven cognitive changes in normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment may suggest ways to prevent or reduce cognitive decline.
To assess the effectiveness of carbohydrates in improving cognitive function in older adults.
We searched ALOIS, the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group Specialized Register on 22 June 2010 using the terms: carbohydrates OR carbohydrate OR monosaccharides OR disaccharides OR oligosaccharides OR polysaccharides OR CARBS. ALOIS contains records from all major healthcare databases (The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS) as well as from many trial databases and grey literature sources.
All randomised controlled trials (RCT) that have examined the efficacy of any form of carbohydrates in normal cognition and MCI.
One review author selected and retrieved relevant articles for further assessment. The remaining authors independently assessed whether any of the retrieved trials should be included. Disagreements were resolved by discussion.
There is no suitable RCT of any form of carbohydrates involving independent-living older adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There are no suitable RCTs on which to base any recommendations about the use of any form of carbohydrate for enhancing cognitive performance in older adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment. More studies of many different carbohydrates are needed to tease out complex nutritional issues and further evaluate memory improvement.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）是正常认知与痴呆之间的中间状态，在此状态下日常功能基本完好。这种情况可能为痴呆预防研究提供契机。碳水化合物是一种重要且易于获取的宏量营养素，会影响认知表现。更好地理解碳水化合物在正常认知和轻度认知障碍中所引发的认知变化，可能会提示预防或减轻认知衰退的方法。
评估碳水化合物对改善老年人认知功能的有效性。
我们于2010年6月22日使用以下检索词检索了ALOIS（Cochrane痴呆与认知改善小组专业注册库）：碳水化合物或碳水化合物或单糖或双糖或寡糖或多糖或糖类。ALOIS包含来自所有主要医疗保健数据库（Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsycINFO、CINAHL、LILACS）以及许多试验数据库和灰色文献来源的记录。
所有检验任何形式碳水化合物对正常认知和MCI疗效的随机对照试验（RCT）。
一位综述作者筛选并检索相关文章以供进一步评估。其余作者独立评估所检索的试验是否应纳入。分歧通过讨论解决。
尚无涉及认知正常或轻度认知障碍的独立生活老年人的任何形式碳水化合物的合适RCT。
尚无合适的RCT可作为就使用任何形式碳水化合物来提高认知正常或轻度认知障碍老年人认知表现提出任何建议的依据。需要对更多不同的碳水化合物进行更多研究，以梳理复杂的营养问题并进一步评估记忆改善情况。
