World Health Organization Country Office, Islamabad, Pakistan.
East Mediterr Health J. 2010;16 Suppl:S5-14.
Pakistan, with Nigeria, India and Afghanistan, is one of the four remaining polio endemic countries in the world. Since the start of polio eradication initiative in 1994, the country has succeeded in reducing the number of polio cases from an estimated 20,000 annually to 89 in 2009. Furthermore, persistent transmission is largely localized to three transmission zones in which ten of the fifteen highest risk areas are situated. Insecurity, operational issues, governance lapses, low routineimmunization coverage, inadequate trickle-down of the political commitment existing at the national level to sub-national level and extensive population movement are the main barriers to the process. A robust strategic plan was developed for 2010-2012 encompassing district-specific plans and focused strategy on securitycompromised areas, performance-based payment, independent monitoring, attention to migratory populations, social mobilization, and strategic cooperation with Afghanistan. This will provide Pakistan a strong and imminent opportunity to interrupt polio virus circulation.
巴基斯坦与尼日利亚、印度和阿富汗一起，是世界上四个仍有脊髓灰质炎流行的国家之一。自 1994 年开展消灭脊髓灰质炎行动以来，该国成功地将脊髓灰质炎病例数量从每年估计的 20000 例减少到 2009 年的 89 例。此外，持续传播主要局限于三个传播区，其中 15 个高风险地区中有 10 个位于这些地区。不安全、业务问题、治理失误、常规免疫接种覆盖率低、国家一级存在的政治承诺没有充分下达到国家以下一级、以及人口大规模流动是这一进程的主要障碍。已为 2010-2012 年制定了一项有力的战略计划，其中包括针对具体地区的计划和针对安全受到影响地区的重点战略、基于绩效的支付、独立监测、关注流动人口、社会动员以及与阿富汗的战略合作。这将为巴基斯坦提供一个强有力的、迫在眉睫的机会，以阻断脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播。
