University of California, San Diego, Department of Bioengineering, La Jolla, CA 92039, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Aug;22(4):590-4. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.03.007. Epub 2011 Apr 14.
Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) strategies allow for the metabolic engineering of microorganisms by combining genetic variation with the selection of beneficial mutations in an unbiased fashion. These ALE strategies have been proven highly effective in the optimization of production strains. In contrast to rational engineering strategies and directed modification of specific enzymes, ALE has the advantage of letting nonintuitive beneficial mutations occur in many different genes and regulatory regions in parallel. So far, the majority of applications of ALE in metabolic engineering have used well-characterized platform organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli; however, applications for other microorganisms are on the rise. This review will focus on current applications of ALE as a tool for metabolic engineering and discuss advancements and achievements that have been made in this field.
适应性实验室进化 (ALE) 策略通过遗传变异与有益突变的无偏选择相结合，允许对微生物进行代谢工程改造。这些 ALE 策略已被证明在生产菌株的优化中非常有效。与理性工程策略和特定酶的定向修饰相比，ALE 的优势在于让许多不同的基因和调控区域同时发生非直观的有益突变。到目前为止，ALE 在代谢工程中的大多数应用都使用了经过充分研究的平台生物，如酿酒酵母和大肠杆菌;然而，其他微生物的应用也在增加。本文将重点介绍 ALE 作为代谢工程工具的当前应用，并讨论该领域取得的进展和成就。
