Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Genes Dev. 2011 Apr 15;25(8):781-8. doi: 10.1101/gad.2027411.
The discovery of Suv39h1, the first SET domain-containing histone lysine methyltransferase (HKMT), was reported in 2000. Since then, research on histone methylation has progressed rapidly. Among the identified HKMTs in mammals, G9a and GLP are the primary enzymes for mono- and dimethylation at Lys 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2), and exist predominantly as a G9a-GLP heteromeric complex that appears to be a functional H3K9 methyltransferase in vivo. Recently, many important studies have reported that G9a and GLP play critical roles in various biological processes. The physiological relevance of G9a/GLP-mediated epigenetic gene regulation is discussed.
2000 年，人们首次发现了含有 SET 结构域的组蛋白赖氨酸甲基转移酶（HKMT）Suv39h1。自此，组蛋白甲基化的研究进展迅速。在鉴定出的哺乳动物 HKMT 中，G9a 和 GLP 是组蛋白 H3 赖氨酸 9 位单甲基化和二甲基化（H3K9me1 和 H3K9me2）的主要酶，它们主要以 G9a-GLP 异源二聚体复合物的形式存在，这种复合物似乎是体内有功能的 H3K9 甲基转移酶。最近，许多重要的研究报告指出，G9a 和 GLP 在各种生物过程中发挥着关键作用。本文讨论了 G9a/GLP 介导的表观遗传基因调控的生理相关性。
