Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Epidemiology. 2011 Jul;22(4):553-9. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31821c41bd.
Recent studies based on self-reported data suggest that retirement may have beneficial effects on mental health, but studies using objective endpoints remain scarce. This study examines longitudinally the changes in antidepressant medication use across the 9 years spanning the transition to retirement.
Participants were Finnish public-sector employees: 7138 retired at statutory retirement age (76% women; mean age, 61.2 years), 1238 retired early due to mental health issues (78% women; mean age, 52.0 years), and 2643 retired due to physical health issues (72% women; mean age, 55.4 years). Information on purchase of antidepressant medication 4 years before and 4 years after retirement year was based on comprehensive national pharmacy records in 1994-2005.
One year before retirement, the use of antidepressants was 4% among those who would retire at statutory age, 61% among those who would retire due to mental health issues, and 14% among those who would retire due to physical health issues. Retirement-related changes in antidepressant use depended on the reason for retirement. Among old-age retirees, antidepressant medication use decreased during the transition period (age- and calendar-year-adjusted prevalence ratio for antidepressant use 1 year after versus 1 year before retirement = 0.77 [95% confidence interval = 0.68 to 0.88]). Among those whose main reason for disability pension was mental health issues or physical health issues, there was an increasing trend in antidepressant use prior to retirement and, for mental health retirements, a decrease after retirement.
Trajectories of recorded purchases of antidepressant medication are consistent with the hypothesis that retirement is beneficial for mental health.
基于自我报告数据的近期研究表明，退休可能对心理健康有益，但使用客观终点的研究仍然很少。本研究纵向考察了退休过渡期间 9 年中抗抑郁药物使用的变化。
参与者是芬兰公共部门的员工：7138 人按法定退休年龄退休（76%为女性；平均年龄 61.2 岁），1238 人因心理健康问题提前退休（78%为女性；平均年龄 52.0 岁），2643 人因身体健康问题退休（72%为女性；平均年龄 55.4 岁）。退休前 4 年和退休后 4 年购买抗抑郁药物的信息基于 1994-2005 年全面的国家药房记录。
在退休前 1 年，预计在法定年龄退休的人群中，使用抗抑郁药物的比例为 4%，预计因心理健康问题退休的人群中，使用抗抑郁药物的比例为 61%，预计因身体健康问题退休的人群中，使用抗抑郁药物的比例为 14%。与退休相关的抗抑郁药物使用变化取决于退休的原因。在老年退休人员中，过渡期间抗抑郁药物的使用减少（年龄和日历年份调整后，退休后 1 年与退休前 1 年相比，使用抗抑郁药物的患病率比=0.77[95%置信区间=0.68 至 0.88]）。对于残疾抚恤金的主要原因是心理健康问题或身体健康问题的人群，退休前抗抑郁药物使用呈上升趋势，对于心理健康退休人群，退休后抗抑郁药物使用下降。
记录购买抗抑郁药物的轨迹与退休对心理健康有益的假设一致。
