Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (AMCHSS), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
J Periodontal Res. 2011 Oct;46(5):542-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01371.x. Epub 2011 Apr 21.
Recent studies have presented evidence that periodontal disease in pregnant women may be a determining factor for preterm delivery. However, this finding has not been consistently observed. The present investigation was carried out to explore the association between maternal periodontal disease and preterm delivery in the state of Kerala, India.
The case-control study had a sample of 300 (100 cases and 200 controls) postpartum women over 18 years of age. Cases were women who had undergone spontaneous preterm delivery (< 37 wk of gestation) and controls were women who delivered at term (≥ 37 wk of gestation). Standard, clinical and periodontal examinations were performed at the maternity wards, and the existence of an association between periodontal disease and preterm delivery was evaluated by means of a multivariate logistic regression model that also considered other risk factors for preterm delivery.
Periodontitis was diagnosed in 25% of the mothers in the case group and in 14.5% of the mothers in the control group. Logistic regression analysis indicated a risk of nearly threefold for preterm delivery in mothers with periodontitis [adjusted odds ratio (OR(a) ) = 2.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.68-6.84]. The other factors significantly associated with preterm birth were physical exertion (OR(a) = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.18-6.65), a previous history of preterm birth (OR(a) = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.20-5.83) and previous abortion/death of infant (OR(a) = 4.08; 95% CI: 1.56-10.65).
Periodontal disease is a possible risk factor for preterm delivery in this population.
近期研究表明，孕妇牙周病可能是早产的决定因素。然而，这一发现并非始终成立。本研究旨在探讨印度喀拉拉邦孕妇牙周病与早产之间的关系。
该病例对照研究的样本包括 300 名（100 例病例和 200 例对照）18 岁以上的产后妇女。病例组为自发性早产（<37 孕周）的妇女，对照组为足月分娩（≥37 孕周）的妇女。在产房进行标准、临床和牙周检查，并通过多变量逻辑回归模型评估牙周病与早产之间的关联，该模型还考虑了早产的其他危险因素。
病例组中 25%的母亲被诊断为牙周炎，对照组中 14.5%的母亲被诊断为牙周炎。逻辑回归分析表明，患有牙周炎的母亲早产的风险增加近三倍[调整后的优势比（OR(a)）=2.72；95%置信区间（CI）：1.68-6.84]。与早产显著相关的其他因素还有体力活动（OR(a) = 2.80；95% CI：1.18-6.65）、早产史（OR(a) = 2.65；95% CI：1.20-5.83）和流产/死胎史（OR(a) = 4.08；95% CI：1.56-10.65）。
在该人群中，牙周病可能是早产的一个危险因素。
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