Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Division of Global Health/IHCAR, Nobels väg 9, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Public Health. 2012 Apr;22(2):209-14. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckr042. Epub 2011 Apr 26.
Active commuting to school by walking or cycling can have positive impact on children's health and development. The study investigates the prevalence of active commuting to school in Sweden, a setting where it is facilitated and promoted; and how active commuting varies according to socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics.
Self-reports from a national sample of Swedish children (11- to 15-year-olds, n = 4415) and a regional one from Stockholm County (13-year-olds, n = 1008) on transport to school were compared. The association that active commuting has with socio-demographic (gender, school grade, Swedish origin, type of housing, urbanicity in the local area), and socio-economic characteristics (household socio-economic status, family car ownership) was studied using logistic regression, controlling for car ownership and urbanicity, respectively.
Active commuting was high (62.9% in the national sample) but decreased with age-76% at the age of 11 years, 62% at the age of 13 years and 50% at the age of 15 years-whereas public transport increased (19-43%). Living in an apartment or row-house (compared with detached house) and living in a medium-sized city (compared with a metropolitan area) was associated with active commuting. In urban areas, active commuting was more common in worker households compared with intermediate- to high-level salaried employees.
Active commuting is common but decreases with age. Active commuting differed based on housing and urbanicity but not based on gender or Swedish origin, and impact of socio-economic factors differed depending on level of urbanicity.
积极地步行或骑车上下学对儿童的健康和发展有积极影响。本研究调查了在瑞典这种鼓励和提倡积极上下学的环境下，学生积极上下学的流行程度，以及积极上下学的方式如何因社会人口和社会经济特征而异。
对来自瑞典全国（11-15 岁儿童，n=4415）和斯德哥尔摩地区（13 岁儿童，n=1008）的儿童进行了关于上下学交通方式的自我报告。使用逻辑回归，控制汽车拥有量和城市化水平，分别研究了积极上下学与社会人口统计学（性别、年级、瑞典血统、住房类型、当地城市化程度）和社会经济特征（家庭社会经济地位、家庭汽车拥有量）之间的关联。
积极上下学的比例很高（全国样本中为 62.9%），但随着年龄的增长而下降（11 岁时为 76%，13 岁时为 62%，15 岁时为 50%），而公共交通的使用率则上升（19%-43%）。与独立式住宅相比，居住在公寓或排屋（与独立式住宅相比）和居住在中等城市（与大都市区相比）与积极上下学有关。在城市地区，工人家庭比中高收入阶层的员工更倾向于积极上下学。
积极上下学很普遍，但随着年龄的增长而下降。积极上下学的方式因住房和城市化程度而异，但不受性别或瑞典血统的影响，社会经济因素的影响因城市化程度而异。
