Marzi Isabel, Emmerling Sandra, Demetriou Yolanda, Bucksch Jens, Schulze Carolin, Brindley Catherina, Reimers Anne Kerstin
Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.
Front Sports Act Living. 2020 Nov 26;2:590857. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.590857. eCollection 2020.
Active commuting (AC) provides numerous health benefits and is one way to improve physical activity in children and adolescents. Boys are more likely to use active transport modes than girls. Girls and boys benefit differently from interventions that promote AC. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effects of interventions on girls and boys and to appraise the extent to which previous studies have taken sex/gender into account. Eleven electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant randomized and non-randomized controlled trials based on defined eligibility criteria. Two independent reviewers screened the literature for eligibility and assessed risk of bias. Semiquantitative analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of intervention effects by taking sex/gender aspects into account. To evaluate sex/gender considerations in interventional studies, a recently developed sex/gender checklist was applied. Twelve studies were included that examined intervention effects on AC in girls and boys. Three intervention studies showed significant effects in increasing AC, with one study favoring girls, one favoring boys, and another focusing on a single sex/gender (only girls). According to the checklist, the overall sex/gender rating highlighted a lack of information in sex/gender consideration. Studies with and without significant effects indicated no differences in the sex/gender checklist. The results indicate that sex/gender is not considered adequately in primary interventional research on AC. To evaluate the effectiveness of intervention in boys and girls, detailed analyses of sex/gender are required, and better reporting about sex/gender-specific intervention content is necessary. In future health research to promote AC, sex/gender should be systematically taken into account.
主动通勤（AC）对健康有诸多益处，是增加儿童和青少年身体活动的一种方式。男孩比女孩更有可能采用主动出行方式。女孩和男孩从促进主动通勤的干预措施中获益方式不同。本系统评价的目的是评估干预措施对男孩和女孩的影响，并评估以往研究在多大程度上考虑了性别因素。检索了11个电子数据库，以根据既定的纳入标准识别所有相关的随机对照试验和非随机对照试验。两名独立的评审员筛选文献以确定其是否符合纳入标准，并评估偏倚风险。进行了半定量分析，以在考虑性别因素的情况下评估干预效果。为了评估干预研究中的性别考量，应用了最近开发的性别清单。纳入了12项研究，这些研究考察了干预措施对男孩和女孩主动通勤的影响。三项干预研究显示在增加主动通勤方面有显著效果，其中一项研究对女孩有利，一项对男孩有利，另一项则聚焦于单一性别（仅女孩）。根据清单，总体性别评分突出显示在性别考量方面缺乏信息。有显著效果和无显著效果的研究在性别清单方面没有差异。结果表明，在主动通勤的初级干预研究中，性别因素未得到充分考虑。为了评估干预措施对男孩和女孩的有效性，需要对性别进行详细分析，并且有必要更好地报告针对性别的干预内容。在未来促进主动通勤的健康研究中，应系统地考虑性别因素。
