巴西学童上下学主动交通方式的纵向和横断面变化。
Longitudinal and cross-sectional changes in active commuting to school among Brazilian schoolchildren.
机构信息
Graduate Physical Education Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus - Trindade, Florianopolis, Brazil.
出版信息
Prev Med. 2012 Sep;55(3):212-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.06.023. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of the study is to evaluate cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in children's commuting to school in a representative sample of a Brazilian city.
METHODS
Two school-based studies were carried out in 2002 (n=2936; 7-10 years old) and 2007 (n=1232; 7-15 years old) in Florianopolis, Brazil. Cross-sectional data were collected from children aged 7 to 10 years in 2002 and 2007. Longitudinal analyses were performed with data from 733 children participating in both surveys. Children self-reported their mode of transportation to school using a validated illustrated questionnaire. Changes were tested with chi square statistics and McNemar's test.
RESULTS
Cross-sectional data showed a 17% decline in active commuting; a decrease from 49% in 2002 to 41% in 2007. On the other hand, active commuting among the 733 children increased as they entered adolescence 5 years later, rising from 40% to 49%.
CONCLUSION
Active commuting to school decreased in Brazilian children aged 7-10 years over a five year period; whereas, it increased among children entering adolescence. Policies should focus on safety and environmental determinants to increase active commuting.
目的
本研究旨在评估巴西某代表性城市儿童上下学交通方式的横断面和纵向变化。
方法
在巴西弗洛里亚诺波利斯市进行了两项基于学校的研究，分别在 2002 年（n=2936；7-10 岁）和 2007 年（n=1232；7-15 岁）开展。2002 年和 2007 年收集了 7-10 岁儿童的横断面数据。对 733 名参与了两次调查的儿童进行了纵向分析。儿童使用经过验证的插图问卷自行报告上下学的交通方式。使用卡方检验和 McNemar 检验测试变化。
结果
横断面数据显示，活跃交通方式的比例下降了 17%；从 2002 年的 49%下降到 2007 年的 41%。另一方面，5 年后进入青春期的 733 名儿童中，活跃交通方式的比例增加，从 40%上升到 49%。
结论
在巴西 7-10 岁儿童中，5 年内上下学的活跃交通方式减少；而进入青春期的儿童则有所增加。政策应侧重于安全和环境决定因素，以增加活跃交通方式的使用。
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