CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Protein Cell. 2011 Apr;2(4):273-81. doi: 10.1007/s13238-011-1037-y. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
RNA silencing is a conserved eukaryotic pathway involved in the suppression of gene expression via sequence-specific interactions that are mediated by 21-23 nt RNA molecules. During infection, RNAi can act as an innate immune system to defend against viruses. As a counter-defensive strategy, silencing suppressors are encoded by viruses to inhibit various stages of the silencing process. These suppressors are diverse in sequence and structure and act via different mechanisms. In this review, we discuss whether RNAi is a defensive strategy in mammalian host cells and whether silencing suppressors can be encoded by mammalian viruses. We also review the modes of action proposed for some silencing suppressors.
RNA 沉默是一种保守的真核途径，通过 21-23 个核苷酸 RNA 分子介导的序列特异性相互作用参与基因表达的抑制。在感染过程中，RNAi 可以作为一种先天免疫系统来抵抗病毒。作为一种反防御策略，沉默抑制剂由病毒编码，以抑制沉默过程的各个阶段。这些抑制剂在序列和结构上具有多样性，并通过不同的机制发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 RNAi 是否是哺乳动物宿主细胞中的一种防御策略，以及哺乳动物病毒是否可以编码沉默抑制剂。我们还回顾了一些沉默抑制剂的作用模式。
