Institut Pasteur, Department of Microbiology, Biologie Moléculaire du Géne chez les Extrêmophiles, 75015 Paris, France.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2011 Jun;14(3):315-20. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.006. Epub 2011 Apr 30.
Virion release from the host cell is the final and essential step for completion of the viral life cycle and spread of virions in the environment. Although for eukaryotic and bacterial viruses the egress mechanisms are reasonably well understood, this subject has not been studied in detail for archaeal viruses until recently. Here we summarize available data on the extraordinary egress mechanism exploited by the Sulfolobus islandicus rod-shaped virus SIRV2 and the Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus STIV. In addition, we describe features of the virus-induced pyramidal formation, VAP, involved in this process. Being an autonomous structure different from the capsid, the VAP can be considered as a representative of a specific class of virus-coded structures which we suggest to name 'virodomes'.
病毒粒子从宿主细胞中释放是完成病毒生命周期和病毒在环境中传播的最后也是至关重要的步骤。尽管真核病毒和细菌病毒的出芽机制已经得到了很好的理解，但直到最近，人们才对古菌病毒的这种出芽机制进行了详细的研究。在这里，我们总结了关于丝状的嗜热硫化叶菌病毒 SIRV2 和有顶的二十面体嗜热硫化叶菌病毒 STIV 所利用的特殊出芽机制的现有数据。此外，我们还描述了参与这一过程的病毒诱导的金字塔形成（VAP）的特征。作为一种不同于衣壳的自主结构，VAP 可以被认为是一类特定的病毒编码结构的代表，我们建议将其命名为“病毒体”。
