Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011 Jun;22(4):374-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01171.x.
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of probable food allergy in adolescents aged 11-20 and to examine the frequency of epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) ownership among high-risk individuals. Adolescents were screened followed by a more detailed telephone questionnaire inquiring about suspected food(s), symptoms, diagnosis, and use of an EAI. The participating adolescents were classified as probably or unlikely to be food-allergic. The need for an EAI was assessed. In total, 2284 adolescents completed the screening questionnaire, of which 396 indicated food to be a problem and 168 agreed to be interviewed. Forty-eight adolescents were classified as probably food-allergic, of which eight were not aware of their food allergy. Twenty-three adolescents were considered candidates for an EAI, whereas only two of them had been prescribed this medication. The calculated questionnaire-based prevalence of EAI need was 3.0% (minimal prevalence at least 1.0%), whereas the EAI ownership was 0.09%. In conclusion, we found an alarming under prescription of EAIs in school-going adolescents.
研究目的在于评估 11-20 岁青少年群体中疑似食物过敏的流行率，并调查高危人群中肾上腺素自动注射器（EAI）拥有率。通过对疑似食物、症状、诊断以及 EAI 使用情况的详细电话问卷调查，对青少年进行筛选。将参与研究的青少年分为可能或不太可能患有食物过敏。评估是否需要 EAI。共有 2284 名青少年完成了筛选问卷，其中 396 名表示食物是个问题，168 名同意接受采访。48 名青少年被归类为可能患有食物过敏，其中 8 名对自己的食物过敏并不知情。23 名青少年被认为是 EAI 的候选者，而仅有其中 2 名已开出处方。基于问卷调查的 EAI 需求的计算患病率为 3.0%（最低患病率至少为 1.0%），而 EAI 的拥有率为 0.09%。总之，我们发现，在上学的青少年中，EAI 的处方开具率低得令人震惊。
