Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
Dig Endosc. 2011 May;23 Suppl 1:26-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1443-1661.2011.01137.x.
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has become an indispensable diagnostic procedure pairing endoscopy with transluminal high frequency ultrasonography. EUS provides images with a high resolution such that the depth of tumor invasion can be accurately determined. It also sees lesions outside of gastrointestinal tract, particularly those in pancreas, biliary system and periluminal lymph nodes. The most important limitation of EUS was lack of specificity, that is, the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. In 1992, EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) was introduced with the sampling of a lesion in the pancreatic head using a convex EUS. Since then the indications of EUS-FNA have been expanded to include a variety of therapeutic uses. In addition, a convex EUS probe can also be used for detailed evaluation of the pancreatobiliary system, in lieu of a radial EUS. The vascular structures surrounding liver, biliary system and pancreas can be showed by a convex EUS system very clearly and easily compared with the more familiar radial EUS images. So we think a convex EUS is very useful for not only EUS-FNA but also screening and close examination for cancer with vascular invasion.
内镜超声检查（EUS）已成为一种不可或缺的诊断程序，将内镜与经腔高频超声相结合。EUS 提供了高分辨率的图像，因此可以准确确定肿瘤侵袭的深度。它还可以看到胃肠道外的病变，特别是胰腺、胆道系统和腔外淋巴结的病变。EUS 的最重要限制是缺乏特异性，即良性和恶性病变的区分。1992 年，引入了 EUS 引导下细针抽吸（EUS-FNA），使用凸面 EUS 对胰头的病变进行取样。此后，EUS-FNA 的适应证已扩展到包括各种治疗用途。此外，凸面 EUS 探头还可用于详细评估胰胆管系统，替代径向 EUS。与更为熟悉的径向 EUS 图像相比，凸面 EUS 系统可以非常清晰和容易地显示肝、胆道和胰腺周围的血管结构。因此，我们认为凸面 EUS 不仅对于 EUS-FNA 非常有用，而且对于血管侵犯的癌症筛查和密切检查也非常有用。
