Departamento de Neurociencias, Institute de Fisiologia Celular, U.N.A.M., México 04510 D.F. (Mexico).
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 1991 Jan 1;3(5):267-74. doi: 10.3233/RNN-1991-3505.
To screen drugs potentially useful in the pharmacological treatment of subjects with brain lesions, we studied the effects of chronic (7 and 30 days) treatments with a Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761-IPSEN; EGb) in two animal models of cortical hemiplegia: one induced by motor cortex aspiration and another using a reversible inactivation of the motor cortex through chronic, localized infusion of y-aminobutyric acid (GABA), via osmotic minipumps. The elevated beam test was used in water-deprived animals trained to drink saccharin-sweetened solutions (with or without EGb) and to perform to criteria before the surgical procedures. From the day after surgery, the rats were administered 100 mg/kg of EGb daily for 7 or 30 days. In all groups with motor impairment in which the extract was administered, a faster and more complete recovery was observed, which was significantly different from that of rats which received only saccharin solutions. The salutary effect of EGb was more marked in ablation-induced hemiplegia than in the GABA-treated group. In the former injury model, EGb-treated animals had smaller ventricular diameters than non-treated rats. No differences concerning sensory deficits were detected among groups. EGb was also acutely administered during the epileptic syndrome that follows interruption of chronic GABA infusions (the GABA-withdrawal syndrome). No anticonvulsant effects of EGb were observed. These results suggest a potential use of EGb in brain-injured patients as this product shows little toxicity in animals and man after chronic administration. The active principles among terpenes (ginkgolides, bilobalides and flavonolheterosides present in the EGb) and the mechanisms for this beneficial effects remain to be elucidated.
为了筛选出对脑损伤患者有潜在治疗作用的药物，我们在两种大脑皮质偏瘫动物模型中研究了银杏叶提取物（EGb761-IPSEN；EGb）的慢性（7 天和 30 天）治疗效果：一种是通过大脑皮质抽吸引起的，另一种是通过慢性局部输注γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）通过渗透微泵诱导的。使用水剥夺动物的高架束测试进行训练，使它们饮用糖精甜味溶液（有或没有 EGb），并在手术前达到标准。从手术后的第一天起，每天给大鼠服用 100mg/kg 的 EGb 持续 7 天或 30 天。在所有接受提取物治疗的运动功能障碍组中，观察到更快、更完全的恢复，与仅接受糖精溶液的大鼠有明显差异。在因切除引起的偏瘫中，EGb 的有益效果比在 GABA 治疗组中更为显著。在前者的损伤模型中，接受 EGb 治疗的动物的心室直径比未治疗的大鼠小。各组之间未检测到感觉缺陷的差异。EGb 还在慢性 GABA 输注中断后出现的癫痫综合征期间（GABA 戒断综合征）急性给药。未观察到 EGb 的抗惊厥作用。这些结果表明，EGb 在脑损伤患者中有潜在的用途，因为该产品在动物和人类慢性给药后毒性较小。萜类化合物（银杏内酯、白果内酯和黄酮醇杂糖苷）中的活性成分以及这种有益效果的机制仍有待阐明。
