State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2011 Jul;40(7):4167-85. doi: 10.1039/c0cs00176g. Epub 2011 May 9.
The properties of nanomaterials for use in catalytic and energy storage applications strongly depends on the nature of their surfaces. Nanocrystals with high surface energy have an open surface structure and possess a high density of low-coordinated step and kink atoms. Possession of such features can lead to exceptional catalytic properties. The current barrier for widespread industrial use is found in the difficulty to synthesise nanocrystals with high-energy surfaces. In this critical review we present a review of the progress made for producing shape-controlled synthesis of nanomaterials of high surface energy using electrochemical and wet chemistry techniques. Important nanomaterials such as nanocrystal catalysts based on Pt, Pd, Au and Fe, metal oxides TiO(2) and SnO(2), as well as lithium Mn-rich metal oxides are covered. Emphasis of current applications in electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, gas sensor and lithium ion batteries are extensively discussed. Finally, a future synopsis about emerging applications is given (139 references).
用于催化和储能应用的纳米材料的性质强烈依赖于其表面的性质。具有高表面能的纳米晶体具有开放的表面结构，并且具有高密度的低配位台阶和扭折原子。具有这样的特征可以导致异常的催化性质。目前广泛应用的工业障碍在于难以合成具有高能表面的纳米晶体。在这篇重要的评论中，我们回顾了使用电化学和湿化学技术生产高表面能纳米材料的形状控制合成的进展。综述了重要的纳米材料，如基于 Pt、Pd、Au 和 Fe 的纳米晶催化剂、金属氧化物 TiO(2)和 SnO(2)以及富锂 Mn 金属氧化物。广泛讨论了当前在电催化、光催化、气体传感器和锂离子电池中的应用。最后，给出了对新兴应用的未来展望（引用 139 篇）。
