出生时为早产儿，且患有和不患有支气管肺发育不良的学龄儿童的呼吸结局和特应性。
Respiratory outcomes and atopy in school-age children who were preterm at birth, with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
机构信息
Serviço de Neonatologia, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal.
出版信息
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(3):425-30. doi: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000300011.
OBJECTIVE
To assess pulmonary function and the prevalence of atopy in school-age children who were very low birth weight as infants and to compare those who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia to those who did not.
METHOD
We studied 85 (39 male and 46 female) at a mean age of 84 (range, 62 to 107) months who were very low birth weight infants. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was defined as oxygen dependency at 36 weeks gestational age. We excluded 8 patients (4 for cerebral palsy and 4 for no collaboration). Detailed perinatal and clinical data were collected. Lung function was evaluated using conventional spirometry. Atopy (assessed by the allergy skin-prick test) was considered when at least one positive skin test occurred in a panel of the most common environmental allergens in the local region. Comparisons between the bronchopulmonary dysplasia and no bronchopulmonary dysplasia groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney, x2 and Fisher's exact tests.
RESULTS
We compared the bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n = 13) and no bronchopulmonary dysplasia (n = 64) groups. Atopy was observed in 4 (30.8%) of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients and in 17 (26.6%) of the no bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients (p = 0.742). Two (15.4%) patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had a family history of atopy vs. 17 (26.6%) in the no bronchopulmonary dysplasia group (p = 0.5). Lung function tests showed airway obstruction in 2 (15.4%) of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients and in 10 (15.6%) of the no bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients (p = 1.0). Four (33.3%) of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients had small airway obstruction vs. 14 (22.2%) of the no bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients (p = 0.466).
CONCLUSION
Our data showed no significant differences in lung function between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and no bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients at school age and no evidence of an association between atopy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
目的
评估婴儿期极低出生体重儿的肺功能和特应性患病率，并比较患有和不患有支气管肺发育不良的患儿。
方法
我们研究了 85 名（39 名男性和 46 名女性）平均年龄为 84 个月（范围 62 至 107 个月）的极低出生体重儿。支气管肺发育不良定义为 36 周胎龄时需要吸氧。我们排除了 8 名患者（4 名脑瘫和 4 名无法配合）。收集了详细的围产期和临床数据。使用常规肺量计评估肺功能。当地最常见的环境过敏原面板中至少出现一次阳性皮肤试验时，认为存在特应性（通过过敏皮肤点刺试验评估）。使用 Mann-Whitney、x2 和 Fisher 精确检验比较支气管肺发育不良组和非支气管肺发育不良组。
结果
我们比较了支气管肺发育不良组（n = 13）和非支气管肺发育不良组（n = 64）。支气管肺发育不良组有 4 例（30.8%）患儿存在特应性，非支气管肺发育不良组有 17 例（26.6%）患儿存在特应性（p = 0.742）。支气管肺发育不良组有 2 例（15.4%）患儿有特应性家族史，而非支气管肺发育不良组有 17 例（26.6%）患儿有特应性家族史（p = 0.5）。肺功能检查显示支气管肺发育不良组有 2 例（15.4%）患儿存在气道阻塞，非支气管肺发育不良组有 10 例（15.6%）患儿存在气道阻塞（p = 1.0）。支气管肺发育不良组有 4 例（33.3%）患儿存在小气道阻塞，非支气管肺发育不良组有 14 例（22.2%）患儿存在小气道阻塞（p = 0.466）。
结论
我们的数据显示，在学龄期，支气管肺发育不良患儿和非支气管肺发育不良患儿的肺功能无显著差异，且特应性与支气管肺发育不良之间无关联。
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