Jackson Emily, Johnson Brooke Ronald, Gebreselassie Hailemichael, Kangaude Godfrey D, Mhango Chisale
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Reprod Health Matters. 2011 May;19(37):133-43. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(11)37563-5.
As part of efforts to achieve Millennium Development Goal 5--to reduce maternal mortality by 75% and achieve universal access to reproductive health by 2015--the Malawi Ministry of Health conducted a strategic assessment of unsafe abortion in Malawi. This paper describes the findings of the assessment, including a human rights-based review of Malawi's laws, policies and international agreements relating to sexual and reproductive health and data from 485 in-depth interviews about sexual and reproductive health, maternal mortality and unsafe abortion, conducted with Malawians from all parts of the country and social strata. Consensus recommendations to address the issue of unsafe abortion were developed by a broad base of local and international stakeholders during a national dissemination meeting. Malawi's restrictive abortion law, inaccessibility of safe abortion services, particularly for poor and young women, and lack of adequate family planning, youth-friendly and post-abortion care services were the most important barriers. The consensus reached was that to make abortion safe in Malawi, there were four areas for urgent action--abortion law reform; sexuality education and family planning; adolescent sexual and reproductive health services; and post-abortion care services.
作为实现千年发展目标5（到2015年将孕产妇死亡率降低75%并实现生殖健康服务的普遍可及）努力的一部分，马拉维卫生部对该国不安全堕胎情况进行了一次战略评估。本文介绍了评估结果，包括基于人权视角对马拉维与性健康和生殖健康相关的法律、政策及国际协定进行的审查，以及来自对全国不同地区和社会阶层的马拉维人进行的485次关于性健康和生殖健康、孕产妇死亡率及不安全堕胎的深入访谈的数据。在一次全国性传播会议上，广泛的当地和国际利益相关者就解决不安全堕胎问题达成了共识性建议。马拉维严格的堕胎法律、安全堕胎服务难以获得，尤其是对贫困和年轻女性而言，以及缺乏足够的计划生育、对青少年友好和堕胎后护理服务，是最重要的障碍。达成的共识是，要在马拉维使堕胎安全，有四个领域需要紧急行动——堕胎法律改革；性教育和计划生育；青少年性健康和生殖健康服务；以及堕胎后护理服务。
