Berer Marge
Reproductive Health Matters, London, UK.
Health Policy Plan. 2004 Oct;19 Suppl 1:i62-i70. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czh046.
HIV and AIDS have a myriad of effects on sexual and reproductive health and rights, and sexual and reproductive health services are critical for women and men with HIV and AIDS. Yet there has been a dearth of visible, in-depth mainstream attention to the links between sexual and reproductive health and prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS since the early 1990s among major stakeholders internationally. This paper argues that access to essential sexual and reproductive health care should be provided in HIV/AIDS prevention, care and treatment programmes, and appropriate forms of prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS should be included in all sexual and reproductive health services as a public health priority, particularly in sex education, family planning and abortion services, pregnancy-related care, sexually transmitted infection (STI) services and services addressing sexual violence. The paper analyzes existing barriers to linking and integrating these services, e.g. at country level due to the traditional training of health workers to implement vertical programmes, separate sources of funding for National AIDS Control Programmes and sexual and reproductive health services, and in international donor programme and UN agency structures. This paper calls for leadership to be exercised by donors, all the UN agencies working together, governments, health service managers and providers, NGOs and advocates in both fields to develop and implement these linkages at country level. Finally, it is crucial that UNAIDS, WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria and those working to reach the targets set by the Millennium Development Goals come on board in these efforts.
艾滋病毒和艾滋病对性健康和生殖健康及权利有着诸多影响，性健康和生殖健康服务对于感染艾滋病毒和艾滋病的男女至关重要。然而，自20世纪90年代初以来，国际上主要利益攸关方对性健康和生殖健康与艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防及治疗之间的联系缺乏明显、深入的主流关注。本文认为，应在艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防、护理和治疗方案中提供基本的性健康和生殖健康护理，并且作为公共卫生重点，应将适当形式的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防和治疗纳入所有性健康和生殖健康服务中，特别是在性教育、计划生育和堕胎服务、妊娠相关护理、性传播感染（STI）服务以及针对性暴力的服务中。本文分析了将这些服务联系和整合起来的现有障碍，例如在国家层面，由于卫生工作者接受的是实施垂直项目的传统培训、国家艾滋病控制项目和性健康及生殖健康服务的资金来源不同，以及在国际捐助项目和联合国机构结构中存在的障碍。本文呼吁捐助方、所有共同合作的联合国机构、各国政府、卫生服务管理人员和提供者、非政府组织以及这两个领域的倡导者发挥领导作用，在国家层面建立和实施这些联系。最后，至关重要的是，联合国艾滋病规划署、世界卫生组织、联合国人口基金、联合国儿童基金会、全球抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金以及那些致力于实现千年发展目标所设定目标的各方参与到这些努力中来。
