Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2012 May;16(4):802-6. doi: 10.1007/s10995-011-0784-y.
Women with disabilities are at greater risk for physical abuse than women without disabilities. However, no previous population-based studies have examined physical abuse against women with disabilities around the time of pregnancy, a critical period for mother and child. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of physical abuse before and during pregnancy among a representative sample of Massachusetts women with and without disabilities. Data from the 2007-2008 Massachusetts Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) were analyzed in 2010. Disability prevalence was 4.9% (95% CI = 3.9-6.2) among Massachusetts women giving birth during 2007-2008. The prevalence of physical abuse during the 12-months before pregnancy among women with disabilities was 13.6% (95% CI = 7.2-24.0) compared to 2.8% for women without disabilities (95% CI = 2.1-3.7). Similarly, 8.1% (95% CI = 4.0-15.7) of women with disabilities compared to 2.3% (95% CI = 1.7-3.1) of women without disabilities experienced physical abuse during pregnancy. Multivariate analyses indicated that women with disabilities were more likely to report physical abuse before pregnancy (OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 1.9-9.7), during pregnancy (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.1-7.1), or during either time period (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.4-7.1) than women without disabilities while controlling for maternal age, education, race/Hispanic ethnicity, marital status and household poverty status. No difference was observed by disability status in the likelihood of prenatal-care providers talking to women about physical abuse. These analyses reveal disproportionate prevalence of physical abuse before and during pregnancy among women with disabilities. Screening for physical abuse and timely referral of women in need of assistance are critical to optimize health outcomes for both mother and child.
残疾女性遭受身体虐待的风险高于非残疾女性。然而，以前没有基于人群的研究调查过残疾女性在怀孕前后遭受身体虐待的情况，而这段时期对母婴都至关重要。本研究的目的是描述马萨诸塞州有和无残疾的代表性女性样本在怀孕前后身体虐待的流行率。2010 年对 2007-2008 年马萨诸塞州怀孕风险评估监测系统（PRAMS）的数据进行了分析。2007-2008 年期间分娩的马萨诸塞州女性中，残疾的流行率为 4.9%（95%CI=3.9-6.2）。残疾女性在怀孕前 12 个月遭受身体虐待的比例为 13.6%（95%CI=7.2-24.0），而非残疾女性为 2.8%（95%CI=2.1-3.7）。同样，8.1%（95%CI=4.0-15.7）的残疾女性和 2.3%（95%CI=1.7-3.1）的非残疾女性在怀孕期间遭受身体虐待。多变量分析表明，残疾女性更有可能报告在怀孕前（OR=4.3，95%CI=1.9-9.7）、怀孕期间（OR=2.8，95%CI=1.1-7.1）或这两个时期（OR=3.2，95%CI=1.4-7.1）遭受身体虐待，而控制了母亲年龄、教育程度、种族/西班牙裔、婚姻状况和家庭贫困状况。残疾状况与产前保健提供者与女性谈论身体虐待的可能性之间没有差异。这些分析揭示了残疾女性在怀孕前后身体虐待的比例不成比例。对身体虐待进行筛查，并及时转介需要帮助的女性，对于优化母婴的健康结果至关重要。
