Center for Health Policy and Research/Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA.
Womens Health Issues. 2012 Mar;22(2):e233-9. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2011.11.003. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of smoking before, during, and after pregnancy among a representative sample of Massachusetts women with and without disabilities.
Data from the 2007 to 2009 Massachusetts Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey were used to estimate the prevalence of smoking by disability status.
Disability prevalence was 4.8% (n = 204) among Massachusetts women giving birth during 2007 through 2009. The prevalence of smoking during the 3 months before pregnancy among women with disabilities was 37.3% (95% CI, 28.3-47.2%) compared with 18.3% (95% CI, 16.6-20.1%) among women without disabilities. Similarly, 25.2% (95% CI, 17.3-35.2%) of women with disabilities, compared with 9.4% of women without disabilities (95% CI, 8.1-10.8%), smoked during the last trimester of their pregnancy, and 32.1% of women with disabilities (95% CI, 23.5-42.1%) compared with 12.5% of women without disabilities (95% CI, 11.1-14.1%), smoked after pregnancy. In the multivariate logistic regression models, women with disabilities had significantly higher risks of smoking before, during and after pregnancy than women without disabilities (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.7 [95% CI, 1.2-2.2]; aRR, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.3-2.8]; aRR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.3-2.5], respectively) while adjusting for race/Hispanic ethnicity, marital status, education, age, household poverty status, and infant's birth year.
Women with disabilities are more likely to smoke before, during, and after their pregnancy and less likely to quit smoking during pregnancy. Efforts to integrate and target pregnant women with disabilities in smoking-cessation programs are vital.
本研究旨在调查马萨诸塞州有和无残疾女性代表性样本中，妊娠前、妊娠期间和妊娠后吸烟的流行情况。
利用 2007 至 2009 年马萨诸塞州妊娠风险评估监测系统调查的数据，按残疾状况估计吸烟流行率。
2007 年至 2009 年分娩的马萨诸塞州女性中，残疾患病率为 4.8%（n=204）。残疾女性妊娠前 3 个月的吸烟率为 37.3%（95%可信区间，28.3-47.2%），而无残疾女性为 18.3%（95%可信区间，16.6-20.1%）。同样，25.2%（95%可信区间，17.3-35.2%）的残疾女性和 9.4%（95%可信区间，8.1-10.8%）的无残疾女性在妊娠最后 3 个月吸烟，32.1%（95%可信区间，23.5-42.1%）的残疾女性和 12.5%（95%可信区间，11.1-14.1%）的无残疾女性在妊娠后吸烟。在多变量逻辑回归模型中，残疾女性妊娠前、妊娠期间和妊娠后吸烟的风险显著高于无残疾女性（调整后的相对风险 [aRR]，1.7[95%可信区间，1.2-2.2]；aRR，1.9[95%可信区间，1.3-2.8]；aRR，1.8[95%可信区间，1.3-2.5]），同时调整了种族/西班牙裔、婚姻状况、教育程度、年龄、家庭贫困状况和婴儿出生年份。
残疾女性在妊娠前、妊娠期间和妊娠后更有可能吸烟，且在妊娠期间更有可能不戒烟。将残疾孕妇纳入戒烟项目并进行针对性干预十分重要。
