Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Aug;91(4):1141-8. doi: 10.1007/s00253-011-3236-0. Epub 2011 May 10.
Basidiomycete mushrooms are a rich source of unique substances, including lectins, that could potentially be useful in biotechnology or biomedical applications. Lectins are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins with diverse biological activities and functions. Here, we demonstrate the presence of a number of lectins in the basidiomycete mushroom Clitocybe nebularis. Glucose-, galactose-, sucrose-, lactose-, and Sepharose-binding lectins were isolated from fruiting bodies using affinity chromatography on Sepharose-immobilized sugars or on Sepharose. The lectins were characterized biochemically and their binding specificities examined by agglutination and agglutination inhibition assays. In addition, insecticidal and anti-nutritional properties of the lectins were studied against a model organism, fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), and Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). Of the several basidiomycete mushrooms screened, C. nebularis extract showed the most potent insecticidal activity. Sucrose-binding lectin showed the strongest activity against D. melanogaster, followed by lactose- and galactose-binding lectins. Feeding bioassays with Colorado potato beetle revealed that C. nebularis extract exhibited high anti-nutritional activity against the insect; and of those tested, only lactose-binding lectin, named CNL showed the effect. Mushroom C. nebularis is shown to be rich in a variety of lectins with versatile biological activities, including insecticidal and anti-nutritional effects. C. nebularis lectins could thus have potential for use as natural insecticides.
担子菌蘑菇是独特物质的丰富来源,包括凝集素,这些物质在生物技术或生物医学应用中可能具有潜在的用途。凝集素是一组具有多种生物学活性和功能的糖结合蛋白。在这里,我们证明了担子菌蘑菇 Clitocybe nebularis 中存在多种凝集素。使用固定在琼脂糖上的糖或琼脂糖通过亲和层析从子实体中分离出葡萄糖、半乳糖、蔗糖、乳糖和琼脂糖结合凝集素。通过凝集和凝集抑制测定法研究了凝集素的生化特性及其结合特异性。此外,还研究了凝集素对模式生物果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)和美洲马铃薯甲虫(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)的杀虫和抗营养特性。在所筛选的几种担子菌蘑菇中,C. nebularis 提取物显示出最强的杀虫活性。蔗糖结合凝集素对 D. melanogaster 的活性最强,其次是乳糖结合凝集素和半乳糖结合凝集素。与美洲马铃薯甲虫的喂养生物测定表明,C. nebularis 提取物对昆虫具有很高的抗营养活性;在测试的物质中,只有乳糖结合凝集素 CNL 表现出这种作用。C. nebularis 蘑菇被证明富含具有多种生物学活性的凝集素,包括杀虫和抗营养作用。因此,C. nebularis 凝集素可能具有作为天然杀虫剂的潜力。