Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;715:227-40. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-0940-9_14.
In the process of adhesion, bacteria often carry proteins on their surface, adhesins, that bind to specific components of tissue cells or the extracellular matrix. In many cases these components are carbohydrate structures. The carbohydrate binding specificities of many bacteria have been uncovered over the years. The design and synthesis of inhibitors of bacterial adhesion has the potential to create new therapeutics for the prevention and possibly treatment of bacterial infections. Unfortunately, the carbohydrate structures often bind only weakly to the adhesion proteins, although drug design approaches can improve the situation. Furthermore, in some cases linking carbohydrates covalently together, to create so-called multivalent systems, can also significantly enhance the inhibitory potency. Besides adhesion inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy, the adhesion proteins can also be used for detection. Novel methods to do this are being developed. These include the use of microarrays and glyconanoparticles. New developments in these areas are discussed.
在黏附过程中，细菌表面通常带有黏附素，这些黏附素可以与组织细胞或细胞外基质的特定成分结合。在许多情况下，这些成分是碳水化合物结构。多年来，人们已经揭示了许多细菌的碳水化合物结合特异性。设计和合成细菌黏附抑制剂有可能为预防和治疗细菌感染创造新的治疗方法。不幸的是，碳水化合物结构通常仅与黏附蛋白弱结合，尽管药物设计方法可以改善这种情况。此外，在某些情况下，通过将碳水化合物共价连接在一起，形成所谓的多价系统，也可以显著增强抑制效力。除了黏附抑制作为一种潜在的治疗策略外，黏附蛋白也可用于检测。正在开发用于此目的的新方法。其中包括使用微阵列和糖纳米粒子。讨论了这些领域的新进展。
