British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS,Vancouver, Canada.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2011 Oct;65(10):834-40. doi: 10.1136/jech.2010.125195. Epub 2011 May 10.
Anti-illicit-drug public-service announcements (PSAs) have become a cornerstone of drug policy in the USA. However, studies of the effectiveness of these interventions have not been subjected to a systematic evaluation.
The authors searched 10 electronic databases along with major conference abstract databases (from inception until 15 February 2010) for all articles and abstracts that evaluated the effectiveness of anti-illicit-drug PSAs. The authors evaluated all studies that assessed intention to use illicit drugs and/or levels of illicit-drug use after exposure to PSAs, and conducted meta-analyses of these studies.
The authors identified seven randomised trials (n=5428) and four observational trials (n=17 404). Only one randomised trial showed a statistically significant benefit of PSAs on intention to use illicit drugs, and two found evidence that PSAs significantly increased intention to use drugs. A meta-analysis of eligible randomised trials demonstrated no significant effect. Observational studies showed evidence of both harmful and beneficial effects.
Existing evidence suggests that the dissemination of anti-illicit-drug PSAs may have a limited impact on the intention to use illicit drugs or the patterns of illicit-drug use among target populations.
反毒品公益广告（PSAs）已成为美国毒品政策的基石。然而，这些干预措施的效果尚未经过系统评估。
作者搜索了 10 个电子数据库以及主要会议摘要数据库（从成立到 2010 年 2 月 15 日），以获取评估反毒品 PSAs 有效性的所有文章和摘要。作者评估了所有评估接触 PSAs 后使用非法药物的意图和/或非法药物使用水平的研究，并对这些研究进行了荟萃分析。
作者确定了 7 项随机试验（n=5428）和 4 项观察性试验（n=17404）。只有一项随机试验显示 PSAs 对使用非法药物的意图有统计学上的显著益处，两项试验发现 PSAs 显著增加了使用药物的意图。对合格的随机试验进行荟萃分析表明没有显著效果。观察性研究表明，PSAs 既具有有害影响，也具有有益影响。
现有证据表明，反毒品公益广告的传播可能对目标人群使用非法药物的意图或非法药物使用模式的影响有限。
