Pormann Peter E
Universities of Paris, Sorbonne.
Stud Anc Med. 2010;35:419-41.
The training of medical students reflects current medical trends and has grave repercussions on the future development of the medical art. This is as true today as it was in Antiquity. There was, however, one period and place at the crossroads of civilisations and cultures in which the educational trends were to have a particularly important influence on how medicine evolved. This was Alexandria in Late Antiquity. In a climate where medicine and philosophy were heavily intertwined, teachers used formal philosophical concepts in order to organise medical knowledge. Their educational techniques provided the tools with which Islamic authors during the medieval period such as Avicenna (Ibn Sinā, d. 1037) arranged their great medical encyclopaedias. These works in Latin translation later became the core curriculum in the nascent universities of Europe.
医学生的培养反映了当前的医学趋势，并对医学艺术的未来发展产生重大影响。如今如此，古代亦如此。然而，在一个处于文明与文化十字路口的特定时期和地点，教育趋势对医学的发展方式产生了尤为重要的影响。这个时期和地点就是古代晚期的亚历山大城。在医学与哲学紧密交织的氛围中，教师运用形式哲学概念来组织医学知识。他们的教育方法为中世纪的伊斯兰学者，如阿维森纳（伊本·西那，卒于1037年），编纂其伟大的医学百科全书提供了工具。这些拉丁文译本后来成为欧洲新兴大学的核心课程。
