Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
Curr Drug Targets. 2011 Oct;12(11):1654-73. doi: 10.2174/138945011798109455.
Cyanobacteria are considered a promising source for new pharmaceutical lead compounds and a large number of chemically diverse and bioactive metabolites have been obtained from cyanobacteria over the last few decades. This review highlights the structural diversity of natural products from freshwater and terrestrial cyanobacteria. The review is divided into three areas: cytotoxic metabolites, protease inhibitors, and antimicrobial metabolites. The first section discusses the potent cytotoxins cryptophycin and tolytoxin. The second section covers protease inhibitors from freshwater and terrestrial cyanobacteria and is divided in five subsections according to structural class: aeruginosins, cyanopeptolins, microviridins, anabaenopeptins, and microginins. Structure activity relationships are discussed within each protease inhibitor class. The third section, antimicrobial metabolites from freshwater and terrestrial cyanobacteria, is divided by chemical class in three subsections: alkaloids, peptides and terpenoids. These examples emphasize the structural diversity and drug development potential of natural products from freshwater and terrestrial cyanobacteria.
蓝藻被认为是新药物先导化合物的有前途的来源，在过去几十年中，从蓝藻中获得了大量化学多样性和生物活性代谢物。本综述重点介绍了淡水和陆生蓝藻天然产物的结构多样性。综述分为三个部分：细胞毒性代谢物、蛋白酶抑制剂和抗菌代谢物。第一节讨论了强效细胞毒素 cryptophycin 和 tolytoxin。第二节涵盖了来自淡水和陆生蓝藻的蛋白酶抑制剂，根据结构类别分为五个小节：aeruginosins、cyanopeptolins、microviridins、anabaenopeptins 和 microginins。在每个蛋白酶抑制剂类别中都讨论了结构活性关系。第三节，淡水和陆生蓝藻的抗菌代谢物，按化学类别分为三个小节：生物碱、肽和萜类。这些例子强调了淡水和陆生蓝藻天然产物的结构多样性和药物开发潜力。
