Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Environ Pollut. 2011 Nov;159(11):3254-68. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.03.038. Epub 2011 May 12.
A comparison of nitrogen (N) budgets for the year 2000 of agro-ecosystems is made for the EU 27 countries by four models with different complexity and data requirements, i.e. INTEGRATOR, IDEAg, MITERRA and IMAGE. The models estimate a comparable total N input in European agriculture, i.e. 23.3-25.7 Mton N yr(-1), but N uptake varies more, i.e. from 11.3 to 15.4 Mton N yr(-1) leading to total N surpluses varying from 10.4 to 13.2 Mton N yr(-1). The estimated overall variation at EU 27 is small for the emissions of ammonia (2.8-3.1 Mton N yr(-1)) and nitrous oxide (0.33-0.43 Mton N yr(-1)), but large for the sum of N leaching and runoff (2.7-6.3 Mton N yr(-1)). Unlike the overall EU estimates, the difference in N output fluxes between models is large at regional scale. This is mainly determined by N inputs, differences being highest in areas with high livestock density.
通过四个具有不同复杂性和数据要求的模型（即 INTEGRATOR、IDEAg、MITERRA 和 IMAGE），对欧盟 27 个国家 2000 年农业生态系统的氮（N）预算进行了比较。这些模型估计了欧洲农业中相当可比的总 N 输入量，即 23.3-25.7 Mt N yr(-1)，但 N 吸收量的变化更大，即 11.3-15.4 Mt N yr(-1)，导致总 N 盈余量从 10.4-13.2 Mt N yr(-1)不等。在欧盟 27 个国家的整体排放中，氨（2.8-3.1 Mt N yr(-1))和氧化亚氮（0.33-0.43 Mt N yr(-1))的排放量变化很小，但氮淋溶和径流（2.7-6.3 Mt N yr(-1))的总和变化很大。与欧盟的总体估计不同，模型之间的 N 输出通量差异在区域尺度上很大。这主要是由 N 输入决定的，在牲畜密度较高的地区差异最大。
