Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jul 15;191(1-3):258-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.073. Epub 2011 Apr 22.
Remediation action is critical for the management of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contaminated sites. Dozens of remediation technologies developed internationally could be divided in two general categories incineration and non-incineration. In this paper, life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to study the environmental impacts of these two kinds of remediation technologies in selected PCB contaminated sites, where Infrared High Temperature Incineration (IHTI) and Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) were selected as representatives of incineration and non-incineration. A combined midpoint/damage approach was adopted by using SimaPro 7.2 and IMPACTA2002+ to assess the human toxicity, ecotoxicity, climate change impact, and resource consumption from the five subsystems of IHTI and BCD technologies, respectively. It was found that the major environmental impacts through the whole lifecycle arose from energy consumption in both IHTI and BCD processes. For IHTI, primary and secondary combustion subsystem contributes more than 50% of midpoint impacts concerning with carcinogens, respiratory inorganics, respiratory organics, terrestrial ecotoxity, terrestrial acidification/eutrophication and global warming. In BCD process, the rotary kiln reactor subsystem presents the highest contribution to almost all the midpoint impacts including global warming, non-renewable energy, non-carcinogens, terrestrial ecotoxity and respiratory inorganics. In the view of midpoint impacts, the characterization values for global warming from IHTI and BCD were about 432.35 and 38.5 kg CO(2)-eq per ton PCB-containing soils, respectively. LCA results showed that the single score of BCD environmental impact was 1468.97 Pt while IHTI's score is 2785.15 Pt, which indicates BCD potentially has a lower environmental impact than IHTI technology in the PCB contaminated soil remediation process.
修复行动对于多氯联苯（PCB）污染场地的管理至关重要。国际上已经开发了数十种修复技术，可分为焚烧和非焚烧两大类。本文采用生命周期评价（LCA）方法，对选定 PCB 污染场地中两种修复技术（红外高温焚烧（IHTI）和基底催化分解（BCD））的环境影响进行了研究。采用中点/损害综合方法，利用 SimaPro 7.2 和 IMPACTA2002+，分别评估了这两种技术的五个子系统（IHTI 和 BCD）的人类毒性、生态毒性、气候变化影响和资源消耗。结果表明，整个生命周期中主要的环境影响来自于 IHTI 和 BCD 工艺中的能源消耗。对于 IHTI，一次和二次燃烧子系统对致癌物、呼吸无机物、呼吸有机物、陆地生态毒性、陆地酸化/富营养化和全球变暖等中点影响的贡献超过 50%。在 BCD 工艺中，回转窑反应器子系统对几乎所有中点影响（包括全球变暖、不可再生能源、非致癌物、陆地生态毒性和呼吸无机物）的贡献最大。从中点影响来看，IHTI 和 BCD 的全球变暖特征化值分别约为 432.35 和 38.5 kg CO2-eq/吨含 PCB 土壤。LCA 结果表明，BCD 的单因子环境影响评分为 1468.97Pt，而 IHTI 的评分为 2785.15Pt，这表明在 PCB 污染土壤修复过程中，BCD 技术比 IHTI 技术具有更低的环境影响。
