Department of Civil and Environmental Sciences, Korea Army Academy at Yeong-Cheon, 495 Hoguk-ro, Gogyeong-meyon, Yeongcheon-si, Gyeongbuk, 770-849, Republic of Korea.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 May;21(10):6751-8. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-2597-1. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
In this study, an environmental assessment on an electrokinetic (EK) system for the remediation of a multimetal-contaminated real site was conducted using a green and sustainable remediation (GSR) tool. The entire EK process was classified into major four phases consisting of remedial investigations (RIs), remedial action construction (RAC), remedial action operation (RAO), and long-term monitoring (LTM) for environmental assessment. The environmental footprints, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, total energy used, air emissions of criteria pollutants, such as NOx, SOx, and PM10, and water consumption, were calculated, and the relative contribution in each phase was analyzed in the environmental assessment. In the RAC phase, the relative contribution of the GHG emissions, total energy used, and PM10 emissions were 77.3, 67.6, and 70.4%, respectively, which were higher than those of the other phases because the material consumption and equipment used for system construction were high. In the RAO phase, the relative contributions of water consumption and NOx and SOx emissions were 94.7, 85.2, and 91.0%, respectively, which were higher than those of the other phases, because the water and electricity consumption required for system operation was high. In the RIs and LTM phases, the environmental footprints were negligible because the material and energy consumption was less. In conclusion, the consumable materials and electrical energy consumption might be very important for GSR in the EK remediation process, because the production of consumable materials and electrical energy consumption highly affects the GHG emissions, total energy used, and air emissions such as NOx and SOx.
本研究采用绿色可持续修复（GSR）工具，对电动修复（EK）系统修复多金属污染实际场地进行环境评估。整个 EK 过程分为四个主要阶段，包括补救调查（RI）、补救行动施工（RAC）、补救行动操作（RAO）和长期监测（LTM），用于环境评估。计算了环境足迹，包括温室气体（GHG）排放、总能源使用、NOx、SOx 和 PM10 等标准污染物的空气排放以及水耗，并分析了每个阶段的相对贡献。在 RAC 阶段，GHG 排放、总能源使用和 PM10 排放的相对贡献分别为 77.3%、67.6%和 70.4%，高于其他阶段，因为系统建设的材料消耗和设备使用较高。在 RAO 阶段，水耗和 NOx 和 SOx 排放的相对贡献分别为 94.7%、85.2%和 91.0%，高于其他阶段，因为系统运行需要高耗水和耗电。在 RI 和 LTM 阶段，环境足迹可以忽略不计，因为材料和能源消耗较少。总之，在 EK 修复过程中，消耗性材料和电能消耗可能对 GSR 非常重要，因为消耗性材料的生产和电能消耗会极大地影响 GHG 排放、总能源使用以及 NOx 和 SOx 等空气排放。
