Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, China.
World J Pediatr. 2011 May;7(2):143-9. doi: 10.1007/s12519-011-0267-7. Epub 2011 May 15.
This paper reports the characteristics, outcomes and clinical features of children with poisoning treated at an emergency department (ED).
This retrospective study at an emergency department consisted of 140 children with poison exposure who were aged under 18 years. Their characteristics were analyzed in order to understand the differences between accidental and non-accidental poisoning. The poisonous materials were divided into two major categories (pharmaceuticals and non-pharmaceuticals) and their associations with patient outcomes were analyzed. Furthermore, the association was analyzed between the incidence of poison exposure and the season in which the poison exposure occurred.
The incidence of poison exposure was highest among adolescents and pre-school age children. Nonaccidental poisoning was more common in older girls and accidental poisoning was more common in younger boys (P<0.001). Neurological system agents were the most common cause of poisoning in the pharmaceutical group and cleansing products were the most common cause of poisoning in the non-pharmaceutical group. Neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common clinical presentations for the pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical groups, respectively. Furthermore, poisoning due to cleansing products and analgesics were associated with the longest duration of hospitalization. March was the highest risk month for pediatric poisoning (P=0.018).
Cleansing products and analgesics were associated with the longest duration of hospitalization and intentional poison was more common in girls.
本文报告了在急诊科（ED）接受治疗的中毒儿童的特征、结局和临床特征。
这项在急诊科进行的回顾性研究包括 140 名年龄在 18 岁以下的中毒暴露儿童。分析了他们的特征，以了解意外和非意外中毒之间的差异。将有毒物质分为两类（药物和非药物），并分析其与患者结局的关系。此外，还分析了中毒暴露的发生率与中毒发生季节之间的关系。
中毒暴露的发生率在青少年和学龄前儿童中最高。非意外中毒在年龄较大的女孩中更为常见，意外中毒在年龄较小的男孩中更为常见（P<0.001）。在药物组中，神经系统药物是中毒的最常见原因，而在非药物组中，清洁剂是中毒的最常见原因。神经系统和胃肠道症状是药物和非药物组最常见的临床表现。此外，清洁剂和镇痛药中毒与住院时间最长有关。3 月是儿童中毒的最高风险月份（P=0.018）。
清洁剂和镇痛药与住院时间最长有关，且女孩更易发生故意中毒。
