Mrabet-Dahbi S, Maurer M
Curr Probl Dermatol. 2011;41:104-111. doi: 10.1159/000323304. Epub 2011 May 12.
One of the most important functions of the skin is to provide protection from infectious pathogens. This is achieved by two complex and complementary powerful strategies, namely by preventing pathogen invasion and by raising innate and/or adaptive immune responses following infection. Most pathogens cannot penetrate healthy skin, and the vast majority of skin infections, thus, results from breaches of cutaneous integrity (skin wounds, arthropod bites, barrier function defects). Cutaneous infections, in turn, are controlled primarily by a functioning skin innate immune system and efficient host defence responses. Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibit both, impaired skin barrier function and defects in skin innate immunity. As a result, AD patients frequently develop skin infections which contribute to the pathogenesis and the course of their chronic inflammatory skin condition. Here, we discuss how skin innate immunity works in healthy individuals and how skin innate immunity is impaired in patients with AD.
皮肤最重要的功能之一是提供针对感染性病原体的防护。这是通过两种复杂且互补的强大策略实现的，即防止病原体入侵以及在感染后引发先天性和/或适应性免疫反应。大多数病原体无法穿透健康皮肤，因此，绝大多数皮肤感染是由皮肤完整性受损（皮肤伤口、节肢动物叮咬、屏障功能缺陷）引起的。反过来，皮肤感染主要由正常运作的皮肤先天性免疫系统和有效的宿主防御反应来控制。特应性皮炎（AD）患者既表现出皮肤屏障功能受损，又存在皮肤先天性免疫缺陷。因此，AD患者经常发生皮肤感染，这些感染会影响其慢性炎症性皮肤病的发病机制和病程。在此，我们讨论皮肤先天性免疫在健康个体中如何发挥作用，以及AD患者的皮肤先天性免疫是如何受损的。
